CONTRIBUTIONS OF PHOTOTROPHIC AND HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION TO THE METABOLIC AND GROWTH REQUIREMENTS OF 4 SPECIES OF GIANT CLAM (TRIDACNIDAE)
CONTRIBUTIONS OF PHOTOTROPHIC AND HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION TO THE METABOLIC AND GROWTH REQUIREMENTS OF 4 SPECIES OF GIANT CLAM (TRIDACNIDAE)
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DOI：
10.3354/meps115103
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发表时间：
1994-12-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
GRIFFITH, CL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KLUMPP, DW;GRIFFITH, CL
我们比较的相对贡献的光养（从zooxanthropy的光合产物的易位）和异养（过滤颗粒）对组织和壳生长的碳需求，和代谢在大堡礁的4种巨蛤。的主要目的是确定是否不同的蛤类物种的生长速度的差异可能是由于营养，并量化的相对角色的光养和异养的tridacnids的营养。检查的物种是可区分的绝对碳通量和相对比例的C预算的组件。例如，长牡蛎的光合作用效率最高，获得的营养是长牡蛎的两倍。crocea，和一个数量级以上的Hippopus crypus。在测试的最小蛤（0.1克组织重量）的情况下，通过过滤器进食的C摄入量在T中也是最高的。是其他物种的10倍。这些种间差异下降与蛤的大小。Tridacna gigas、大赤藓T. crocea和T.鳞虫能够通过摄入光合产物和颗粒食物来满足其所有生长和代谢需求，在某些情况下还能节省相当多的能量。相比之下，小H.从这些来源中获得了80%的总C需求。我们证实，光养是最重要的能源蛤。除了最小的H。这种来源为生长和代谢需求提供了足够的C。滤食性的重要性随着蛤体大小的增加而降低。在40至80毫米T的条件下，摄入的C可提供总需求的61%至113%。gigas和H.而对其它物种的影响不显著（10 ~ 20%）。H. Cupus将最高比例的C支出用于增长（30%至90%），其中高达一半用于壳牌。T. gigas和T. squamosa都将20%~ 40%的碳用于生长，而T.克罗西亚。4个种的生长差异没有简单的营养基础。T.吉加斯有最大的过剩能量可用于增长，和最高的增长率方面的壳长。然而，可用能量和生长率之间的联系在不同物种之间并不一致。以C为单位的实际生长与T相似。gigas和H.但后者的小个体似乎受到C.尽管计算出的增长“范围”相对较高，T。大黄鱼表现出最低的生长率，可能是因为其生长受到其穴居习性的物理限制。
We compare the relative contributions of phototrophy (translocation of photosynthates from zooxanthellae) and heterotrophy (filtered particles) towards the carbon requirements for tissue and shell growth, and metabolism in 4 species of giant clam from the Great Barrier Reef. The primary aims were to determine whether the differences in growth rates of various clam species could be due to nutrition, and to quantify the relative roles of phototrophy and heterotrophy in the nutrition of tridacnids. The species examined were distinguishable by both absolute C flux and relative proportions of components of the C budget. For example, Tridacna gigas was photosynthetically the most efficient, gaining twice as much nutrition as T. crocea, and an order of magnitude more than Hippopus hippopus. In the case of the smallest clams tested (0.1 g tissue wt), intake of C via filter feeding was also highest in T. gigas, being 10 times that of the other species. These interspecific differences declined with clam size. Tridacna gigas, T. crocea, and T. squamosa were able to satisfy all their growth and metabolic requirements from the intake of photosynthate and particulate food, in some cases with considerable energy to spare. In contrast, small H. hippopus gained 80% of total C needs from these sources. We confirm that phototrophy is the most significant source of energy to clams. In all but the smallest H. hippopus, this source provides sufficient C for growth and metabolic requirements. Filter-feeding decreases in importance with increasing size of clam. Ingested C provides 61 to 113% of total needs in 40 to 80 mm T. gigas and 36 to 44% in H. hippopus, but was less significant to the other species (10 to 20%). H. hippopus allocated the highest proportion of C expenditure to growth (30 to 90%), up to half of which went into shell. T. gigas and T. squamosa both put 20 to 40% of C into growth, compared with only 10 to 20% in T. crocea. There was no simple nutritional basis to the differences in growth of the 4 species. T. gigas has the greatest excess of energy available for growth, and the highest growth rate in terms of shell length. However, the connection between available energy and growth rate was not consistent across species. Actual growth in units of C was similar in T. gigas and H. hippopus, yet small individuals of the latter species appear limited by availability of C. Despite a relatively high calculated 'scope' for growth, T. crocea exhibited the lowest growth rate possibly because its growth is limited by physical constraints of its burrowing habit.