Natural hazards and adaptive response choices in a changing climate: Promoting bushfire preparedness and risk reduction decision-making
Natural hazards and adaptive response choices in a changing climate: Promoting bushfire preparedness and risk reduction decision-making
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气候变化中的自然灾害和适应性响应选择：促进丛林火灾准备和降低风险决策
DOI：
10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100065
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Melanie Taylor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Westcott;K. Ronan;H. Bambrick;Melanie Taylor
森林火灾是一种不断升级的全球性自然灾害。这就需要制定和实施新的战略，以缩小对火灾的认识与防备之间的差距，并在中长期内改善人类安全。鉴于严重火灾造成的高昂的人力、经济和环境成本，在火灾情况下改变不利的决策以取得积极成果是一项社会当务之急。本文探讨了潜在的病因，影响决策过程中的自然灾害紧急情况下，通过镜头的应急响应-动物主人接口和保护MotivationTheory.MethodData收集使用半结构化访谈和焦点小组讨论，并使用理论独立的主题分析（TA）进行分析。积极确定了与决策直接相关的三个主题：（一）观察社会小气候的影响;（二）适应不良的反应选择;（三）适应性反应选择。第四，动态风险评估，是每个共同的。这些主题产生了三个主要的组织和社会介导的途径，以提高消防准备和人类safety.ConclusionBy探讨如何决策的影响，在应急响应动物所有者接口，本研究提出了潜在的有用的战略概念，中期到长期的改善，在公共消防准备和减少灾害风险。这些措施包括（一）理解各种社会小气候的复杂性和协同作用，（二）组织合作和资源共享，以及（三）创造一个有益的环境，有利于安全的反应选择。本文提出的研究结果旨在为面临火灾和其他自然灾害风险的地区的所有居民创造一个更安全的环境。
IntroductionBushfires are an escalating natural hazard worldwide. This requires developing and implementing new strategies to narrow the bushfire awareness-preparedness gap and improve human safety in the medium to long terms. Redirecting adverse decision-making to achieve positive outcomes in a fire situation is a social imperative given the high human, economic and environmental cost of a serious fire. This paper explores underlying aetiologies that influence decision-making processes in natural hazard emergencies through the lenses of the emergency responder - animal owner interface and Protection Motivation Theory.MethodData were collected using semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions, and analysed using theoretically-independent Thematic Analysis (TA). Three themes with direct relevance to decision-making were actively identified: (i) observing the influence of social microclimate; (ii) maladaptive response choices (iii) adaptive response choices. A fourth, dynamic risk assessment, is common to each. These themes generated three main organisational- and socially-mediated pathways for improving bushfire preparedness and human safety.ConclusionBy exploring how decision-making is influenced at the emergency responder-animal owner interface, this study proposes potentially useful strategic concepts for medium-to long-term improvement in public bushfire preparedness and disaster risk reduction. These include (i) understanding the complexities and synergism of various social microclimates, (ii) organisational collaboration and resource sharing, and (iii) creating a rewarding environment favouring safe response choices. The findings suggested in this paper aim to develop a safer environment for all inhabitants in areas at risk of bushfire, and other natural hazards.