MOLECULAR THEORY OF GENERAL ANESTHESIA - ANESTHESIA IS ATTRIBUTED TO FORMATION IN BRAIN OF MINUTE HYDRATE CRYSTALS OF CLATHRATE TYPE
MOLECULAR THEORY OF GENERAL ANESTHESIA - ANESTHESIA IS ATTRIBUTED TO FORMATION IN BRAIN OF MINUTE HYDRATE CRYSTALS OF CLATHRATE TYPE
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DOI：
10.1126/science.134.3471.15
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发表时间：
1961-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
PAULING, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
PAULING, L
非氢键麻醉剂的水合物微晶理论与大多数早期理论不同，因为它主要涉及麻醉剂分子与脑中水分子的相互作用，而不是与脂质分子的相互作用。假定形成结构类似于氯仿、氙和其它麻醉剂的已知水合物晶体的水合物微晶以及与蛋白质侧链相关的物质，以降低脑中电振荡能量的方式捕获蛋白质分子的离子和带电侧链，对麻醉剂导致意识丧失的影响提供了合理的解释。麻醉剂的麻醉分压和导致水合物晶体形成所需的分压之间的显著相关性为所提出的理论提供了一些支持，但人们认识到，任何基于麻醉剂分子对其他分子的货车范德华吸引力的理论都将显示出类似的相关性，因为分子间吸引的能量与麻醉剂分子的极化率（摩尔折射）近似成比例。所提出的理论足够详细，可以对麻醉剂在改变脑组织和其他物质的性质方面的作用做出许多预测，并且应该有可能进行实验来反驳该理论或为该理论提供证据。
The hydrate-microcrystal theory of anesthesia by non-hydrogen-bonding agents differs from most earlier theories in that it involves primarily the interaction of the molecules of the anesthetic agent with water molecules in the brain, rather than with molecules of lipids. The postulated formation of hydrate microcrystals similar in structure to known hydrate crystals of chloroform, xenon, and other anesthetic agents as well as of the substances related to protein side chains, entrapping ions and electrically charged side chains of protein molecules in such a way as to decrease the energy of electric oscillations in the brain, provides a rational explanation of the effect of the anesthetic agents in causing loss of consciousness. The striking correlation between the narcotizing partial pressure of the anesthetic agents and the partial pressure necessary to cause formation of hydrate crystals provides some support for the proposed theory, but it is recognized that any theory based upon the van der Waals attraction of the molecules of the anesthetic agent for other molecules would show a similar correlation, inasmuch as the energy of inter molecular attraction is approximately proportional to the polarizability (mole refraction) of the molecules of the anesthetic agent. The proposed theory is sufficiently detailed to permit many predictions to be made about the effect of anesthetic agents in changing the properties of brain tissue and other substances, and it should be possible to carry out experiments that will disprove the theory or provide substantiation for it.