Spatial variation of insecticide resistance in the dengue vector Aedes aegypti presents unique vector control challenges.
Spatial variation of insecticide resistance in the dengue vector Aedes aegypti presents unique vector control challenges.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13071-016-1346-3
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发表时间：
2016-02-04
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Lenhart A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deming R;Manrique-Saide P;Medina Barreiro A;Cardeña EU;Che-Mendoza A;Jones B;Liebman K;Vizcaino L;Vazquez-Prokopec G;Lenhart A
登革热在墨西哥是一个主要的公共卫生问题，在墨西哥，使用化学杀虫剂来控制主要的登革热媒介埃及伊蚊的情况很普遍。已有多个地点对杀虫剂产生抗药性的报道，与拟除虫菊酯抗药性相关的kdr突变频率近年来迅速增加。在本研究中，我们描述了Ae的抗药性模式。墨西哥梅里达市周边五个小镇的埃及伊蚊种群。2013年6月至8月，对这五个城镇的250所房屋进行了横断面昆虫学调查。在所有房屋中收集室内休息的成年蚊子，并在每个研究区放置4个诱卵器。对诱卵器饲养的F0-F2个体进行CDC瓶生物测定，并测定KDR等位基因(Ile1016和Cys1534)的频率。在所有研究城镇中都检测到对毒死蜱的高水平但不同程度的抗药性，除一个城镇外，所有城镇都对苯敌畏完全敏感，城镇之间对溴氰菊酯的抗药性存在差异，死亡率从63-88%不等。在溴氰菊酯抗性和两个kdr等位基因的存在之间发现了显著的关联。表型抗性是两个等位基因存在的高度预测，然而，并不是所有含有突变等位基因的蚊子都具有表型抗性。基于成年女性Ae的五个城镇间的基因分型(精确G检验)分析。室内采集的埃及伊蚊在两个座位上的基因型间存在极显著差异(p <； 0.0001)。当进一步分析这一点以寻找城镇内部区块水平的细微差异时，圣洛伦索的两个基因座(Ile1016，p = 0.018和Cys1534，p = 0.007)以及亚喀什的Ile1016(p = 0.013)和康卡尔的Ile1016(p = 0.031)的基因分化显著。这项研究的结果表明，在更换化学基团3年后，溴氰菊酯抗性和高频率的kdr等位基因在Ae中持续存在。埃及伊蚊种群。在抗性表型和基因中检测到的空间差异对病媒控制行动和杀虫剂抗性管理策略都具有实际意义。
Dengue is a major public health problem in Mexico, where the use of chemical insecticides to control the principal dengue vector, Aedes aegypti, is widespread. Resistance to insecticides has been reported in multiple sites, and the frequency of kdr mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance has increased rapidly in recent years. In the present study, we characterized patterns of insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti populations in five small towns surrounding the city of Merida, Mexico. A cross-sectional, entomological survey was performed between June and August 2013 in 250 houses in each of the five towns. Indoor resting adult mosquitoes were collected in all houses and four ovitraps were placed in each study block. CDC bottle bioassays were conducted using F0-F2 individuals reared from the ovitraps and kdr allele (Ile1016 and Cys1534) frequencies were determined. High, but varying, levels of resistance to chorpyrifos-ethyl was detected in all study towns, complete susceptibility to bendiocarb in all except one town, and variations in resistance to deltamethrin between towns, ranging from 63–88 % mortality. Significant associations were detected between deltamethrin resistance and the presence of both kdr alleles. Phenotypic resistance was highly predictive of the presence of both alleles, however, not all mosquitoes containing a mutant allele were phenotypically resistant. An analysis of genotypic differentiation (exact G test) between the five towns based on the adult female Ae. aegypti collected from inside houses showed highly significant differences (p < 0.0001) between genotypes for both loci. When this was further analyzed to look for fine scale differences at the block level within towns, genotypic differentiation was significant for both loci in San Lorenzo (Ile1016, p = 0.018 and Cys1534, p = 0.007) and for Ile1016 in Acanceh (p = 0.013) and Conkal (p = 0.031). The results from this study suggest that 3 years after switching chemical groups, deltamethrin resistance and a high frequency of kdr alleles persisted in Ae. aegypti populations. The spatial variation that was detected in both resistance phenotypes and genotypes has practical implications, both for vector control operations as well as insecticide resistance management strategies.