Optimal beef cattle diets formulated by nonlinear programming.
Optimal beef cattle diets formulated by nonlinear programming.
复制标题
通过非线性规划制定最优肉牛日粮。
作者：
G. Hertzler;D. Wilson;D. Loy;G. Rouse
基于国家研究委员会建议的牛肉饮食模型对饲料成分、牛的日增重和体重具有显著的非线性。求解饮食模型一直很困难，但现在非线性规划的进步使解决方案变得又快又容易。本研究开发了一种非线性规划方法，通过选择饲料、日增重和销售体重来优化饲料计划。有两种饮食对此很重要：回报最佳的饮食和成本收益最低的饮食。对于给定体重的牛，最优回报日粮选择饲料和日增重，以使回报最大化，高于饲料成本。成本收益最低的日粮选择饲料和日增重，以最大限度地减少饲料加每公斤增重的码数成本。在最佳饲养方案中，饲喂一系列最佳回报的日粮以增加牛的体重。饲料成本加上每公斤增加的码数等于最优销售重量下的实际销售价格，牛就被出售了。可以使用微型计算机的牛饲养者和研究人员可以从饲养计划中获得最大的净回报。
A beef diet model based on National Research Council recommendations is significantly nonlinear for feed ingredients, daily gain and weight of cattle. Solving a diet model has been difficult, but advances in nonlinear programming now allow solutions that are quick and easy. This study developed a nonlinear programming method for optimally planning a feeding program by choosing feeds, daily gains and selling weight. Two types of diets are important for this purpose:optimal-return diets and least-cost-gain diets. For a given weight of cattle, an optimal-return diet chooses feeds and daily gain to maximize returns above feed costs. A least-cost-gain diet chooses feeds and daily gain to minimize feed plus yardage costs per kilogram of gain. In an optimal feeding program, a sequence of optimal-return diets is fed to increasing weights of cattle. Feed costs plus yardage per kilogram of gain rise to equal the actual selling price at the optimal selling weight, and the cattle are sold. Cattle feeders and researchers with access to a microcomputer can maximize net returns from a feeding program.