Decreased Oligodendrocyte and Neuron Number in Anterior Hippocampal Areas and the Entire Hippocampus in Schizophrenia: A Stereological Postmortem Study
Decreased Oligodendrocyte and Neuron Number in Anterior Hippocampal Areas and the Entire Hippocampus in Schizophrenia: A Stereological Postmortem Study
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DOI：
10.1093/schbul/sbv157
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Schmitt, Andrea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Falkai, Peter;Malchow, Berend;Schmitt, Andrea
海马体涉及认知和情感，在精神分裂症中，这两个领域都有缺陷。此外，据报道，精神分裂症患者的前部和后部区域的整体体积都减少了。虽然有报道称海马后部左右角CA4亚区少突胶质细胞数量较少，但本体视学研究的目的是研究齿状回（DG）或海马前部亚区的细胞数量。在这项基于设计的海马体前部研究中，对10名精神分裂症患者与10名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照进行了比较。患者左侧CA4少突胶质细胞数量减少，左侧DG神经元数量减少，左侧CA4和DG体积均变小，这分别与少突胶质细胞和神经元数量相关。当研究整个海马时，考虑到先前发表的来自同一大脑后部的结果，左侧CA4少突胶质细胞数量减少和体积减少仍然显著。少突胶质细胞数量的减少说明精神分裂症中髓鞘形成和连通性的缺陷，这可能源于成熟过程的紊乱。海马前部DG神经元数量的减少很可能表明该区域在成年前产生新神经元的能力下降。这两种机制都可能与精神分裂症患者的认知功能障碍有关。
The hippocampus is involved in cognition as well as emotion, with deficits in both domains consistently described in schizophrenia. Moreover, the whole volumes of both the anterior and posterior region have been reported to be decreased in schizophrenia patients. While fewer oligodendrocyte numbers in the left and right cornu ammonis CA4 subregion of the posterior part of the hippocampus have been reported, the aim of this stereological study was to investigate cell numbers in either the dentate gyrus (DG) or subregions of the anterior hippocampus. In this design-based stereological study of the anterior part of the hippocampus comparing 10 patients with schizophrenia to 10 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were examined. Patients showed a decreased number of oligodendrocytes in the left CA4, fewer neurons in the left DG and smaller volumes in both the left CA4 and DG, which correlated with oligodendrocyte and neuron numbers, respectively. When exploring the total hippocampus, keeping previously published own results from the posterior part of the same brains in mind, both decreased oligodendrocyte numbers in the left CA4 and reduced volume remained significant. The decreased oligodendrocyte number speaks for a deficit in myelination and connectivity in schizophrenia which may originate from disturbed maturational processes. The reduced neuron number of the DG in the anterior hippocampus may well point to a reduced capacity of this region to produce new neurons up to adulthood. Both mechanisms may be involved in cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia patients.