GUTs, hybrid topological defects, and gravitational waves
GUTs, hybrid topological defects, and gravitational waves
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.106.075030
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发表时间：
2022-10
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
David I. Dunsky;A. Ghoshal;H. Murayama;Yuki Sakakihara;G. White
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
David I. Dunsky;A. Ghoshal;H. Murayama;Yuki Sakakihara;G. White
早期宇宙中大统一规范群的对称性破缺常常会留下一些拓扑缺陷，例如宇宙弦、磁畴壁或磁单极子。对于某些对称性破坏链，宇宙弦附着在磁畴壁上或单极子附着在弦上时，可能会形成混合缺陷。一般来说，这种混合缺陷是不稳定的，一种缺陷通过将其静止质量转化为另一种缺陷的动能来“吞噬”另一种缺陷，随后通过引力波衰变。在这项工作中，我们通过以下因素确定引力波谱：1) 单极子成核切割并“吃掉”弦，对宇宙弦网络的破坏；2) 吞噬单极子的弦对单极子弦网络的塌陷和衰变；3) 壁上弦边界孔的成核膨胀并吞噬墙壁，对磁畴壁网络的破坏；4) 磁单极子的塌陷和衰变。由吃掉弦的墙构成的弦边界墙网络。我们将一种拓扑缺陷吃掉另一种拓扑缺陷而产生的引力波信号称为“引力波美食”。我们发现所考虑的四个引力波美食信号产生独特的光谱，可用于将对称破缺链缩小到标准模型以及与消耗的拓扑缺陷相关的对称破缺规模。此外，我们考虑的系统不太可能存在残余单极子或畴壁问题。
The symmetry breaking of grand unified gauge groups in the early Universe often leaves behind relic topological defects such as cosmic strings, domain walls, or monopoles. For some symmetry breaking chains, hybrid defects can form where cosmic strings attach to domain walls or monopoles attach to strings. In general, such hybrid defects are unstable, with one defect “eating” the other via the conversion of its rest mass into the other’s kinetic energy and, subsequently, decaying via gravitational waves. In this work, we determine the gravitational wave spectrum from 1) the destruction of a cosmic string network by the nucleation of monopoles which cut up and “eat” the strings, 2) the collapse and decay of a monopole-string network by strings that eat the monopoles, 3) the destruction of a domain wall network by the nucleation of string-bounded holes on the wall that expand and eat the wall, and 4) the collapse and decay of a string-bounded wall network by walls that eat the strings. We call the gravitational wave signals produced from the eating of one topological defect by another “gravitational wave gastronomy.” We find that the four gravitational wave gastronomy signals considered yield unique spectra that can be used to narrow down thesymmetry breaking chain to the Standard Model and the scales of symmetry breaking associated with the consumed topological defects. Moreover, the systems we consider are unlikely to have a residual monopole or domain wall problem.