Pulmonary Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts: Clinical.
Pulmonary Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts: Clinical.
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DOI：
10.1097/rti.0000000000000351
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发表时间：
2018-09
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Vazquez Guillamet R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vazquez Guillamet C;Hsu JL;Dhillon G;Vazquez Guillamet R
免疫功能低下患者的肺部感染仍然是这种脆弱患者人群中死亡率、发病率和医疗保健相关费用的重要因素。他们的流行病学正在发生变化，这是由免疫抑制方案和预防的新趋势所引起的。宿主的特征，表现为临床病理学，沿着放射学模式，也发生了变化。微生物学诊断现在丰富了非培养方法，以更好地鉴定致病病原体。胸部成像仍然是初步检查的基础。我们的文章将研究流行病学，临床发现和诊断免疫功能低下的肺部感染患者（移植受体，血小板减少症的主机，HIV感染的患者，和自身免疫性疾病的患者）的新趋势。我们还将审查鉴别诊断，大多数时候包括恶性肿瘤和药物或放射相关的毒性。
Pulmonary infections in immunocompromised patients remain a significant contributor to mortality, morbidity, and health care–associated costs in such a vulnerable patient population. Their epidemiology is changing, set forth by new trends in immunosuppressive regimens and also prophylaxis. The host characteristics, presenting clinical symptomatology, along with radiographic patterns, have also evolved. The microbiology diagnostics are now enriched with nonculture methods for better identification of the causative pathogens. Chest imaging remains the cornerstone of the initial workup. Our article will examine the new trends in epidemiology, clinical findings, and diagnostics for immunocompromised patients with pulmonary infections (transplant recipients, neutropenic hosts, HIV-infected patients, and patients with autoimmune conditions). We will also review the differential diagnosis that most of the times includes malignancies and drug or radiation-related toxicities.