Role of AYUSH workforce, therapeutics, and principles in health care delivery with special reference to National Rural Health Mission.
Role of AYUSH workforce, therapeutics, and principles in health care delivery with special reference to National Rural Health Mission.
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DOI：
10.4103/0974-8520.169010
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Samal, Janmejaya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Samal, Janmejaya
几十年前，AYUSH的医学系统仅限于自己的领域，在一些邦几乎没有例外，因为印度的健康是一个邦的问题。在2005年启动国家农村卫生使命之后，情况发生了逆转，该使命提出了“将青少年社会卫生服务纳入主流和振兴地方卫生保健”的概念，利用青少年社会卫生服务尚未开发的劳动力、治疗方法和原则来管理社区卫生问题。截至2012年3月31日，全国共有468家地区医院、2 483个社区保健中心和8 520个初级保健中心与青少年学生保健协会的设施合用同一地点。目前正在使用几种治疗方法，而阿莎药盒中用于治疗社区常见疾病的药物很少。与此同时，印度政府已经认识到阿育吠陀的一些原则和疗法作为干预一些社区健康问题的方式。这些包括Ksharasutra（药物涂层线）治疗肛门直肠手术和Rasayana Chikitsa（振兴疗法）老年退行性疾病等类似的各自的原则和治疗方法也可以利用其他系统的AYUSH，如瑜伽和自然疗法，Unani，Siddha和顺势疗法。类似于阿育吠陀，这些原则和疗法也可以帮助管理社区健康问题，如果适当实施。本文回顾了AYUSH作为一个系统在印度提供卫生保健方面的作用，特别提到了国家农村卫生使命。
Decades back AYUSH systems of medicine were limited to their own field with few exceptions in some states as health in India is a state issue. This took a reverse turn after the initiation of National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) in 2005 which brought the concept of "Mainstreaming of AYUSH and Revitalization of Local Health Traditions" utilizing the untapped AYUSH workforces, therapeutics and principles for the management of community health problems. As on 31/03/2012 AYUSH facilities were co-located in 468 District Hospitals, 2483 Community Health Centers and 8520 Primary Health Centers in the country. Several therapeutics are currently in use and few drugs have been included in the ASHA drug kit to treat common ailments in the community. At the same time Government of India has recognized few principles and therapeutics of Ayurveda as modalities of intervention to some of the community health problems. These include Ksharasutra (medicine coated thread) therapy for ano-rectal surgeries and Rasayana Chikitsa (rejuvenative therapy) for senile degenerative disorders etc. Similarly respective principles and therapeutics can also be utilized from other systems of AYUSH such as Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy. Akin to Ayurveda these principles and therapeutics can also help in managing community health problems if appropriately implemented. This paper is a review on the role of AYUSH, as a system, in the delivery of health care in India with special reference to National Rural Health Mission.