Analysis of the Dry Matter Production Process and Yield Formation of the High-Yielding Rice Cultivar Takanari, from 1991 to 1994
Analysis of the Dry Matter Production Process and Yield Formation of the High-Yielding Rice Cultivar Takanari, from 1991 to 1994
复制标题
1991-1994年高产水稻品种高成干物质生产过程及产量形成分析
DOI：
10.1626/jcs.66.42
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Ishihara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yin Xu;T. Ookawa;K. Ishihara
为了阐明水稻高产的生理生态特性，对1990年育成的高产品种高成和日本标准品种日本晴的产量和产量构成因素、干物质生产过程和光截获特性进行了比较。在1991年和1993年日本晴的低产年份，高成的产量为528 ~ 642 kg/10 a，比日本晴高出100 kg/10 a左右。在1992年和1994年的丰收年，由于高成的干物质生产力和收获指数较高，高成的产量为817 ~ 888 kg/10 a，约高出230 kg/10 a。高成虽然每平方米颖花数多，但由于每穗颖花数多，二次枝梗多，结实率与日本晴相近。作物生长率较高，由于较高的净同化率在1991年抽穗后，由于较高的净同化率和较大的平均叶面积指数后，在1994年最大分蘖数阶段。考虑到叶片的排列和穗在冠层中的位置，高成的净同化率较高，这是由于其具有较好的遮光特性。高成的收获指数较高，主要是由于抽穗后从茎鞘向穗部转运的同化物较多。
To clarify the physiological and ecological characteristics directly responsible for high yields in rice plants, the yield and yield components, the process of dry matter production and the light-intercepting characteristics were compared between the cultivar Takanari, a high-yielding variety bred in 1990, and the cultivar Nipponbare, a standard Japanese variety. The Takanari yield of 528∼642 kg/10 a was about 100 kg/10 a higher than the yields for Nipponbare in 1991 and 1993, poor harvest years. The Takanari yield of 817∼888 kg/10 a was about 230 kg/10 a higher in 1992 and 1994, good harvest years, owing to higher dry matter productivity and harvest index for Takanari. In spite of a great number of spikelets per square-meter for Takanari, due to the large number of spikelets per panicle with more secondary rachis-branches, the percentages of ripened grains were almost the same as those of Nipponbare. Crop growth rates were higher owing to the higher net assimilation rate after heading in 1991, and owing to both higher net assimilation rate and larger mean leaf area index after the maximum tiller number stage in 1994. The net assimilation rate for Takanari was higher due to better light-intercepting characteristics considering the arrangement of leaves and position of panicles in the canopy. The higher harvest index for Takanari mainly resulted from a higher amount of assimilates translocated to the panicle from the culm and leaf sheath after heading.