Salt reduction in England from 2003 to 2011: its relationship to blood pressure, stroke and ischaemic heart disease mortality.
Salt reduction in England from 2003 to 2011: its relationship to blood pressure, stroke and ischaemic heart disease mortality.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004549
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发表时间：
2014-04-14
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Macgregor GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He FJ;Pombo-Rodrigues S;Macgregor GA
旨在确定英格兰盐摄入量减少与血压 (BP) 以及中风和缺血性心脏病 (IHD) 死亡率之间的关系。对英格兰健康调查数据的分析。英国，2003年N=9183、2006年N=8762、2008年N=8974和2011年N=4753，年龄≥16岁。血压、中风和 IHD 死亡率。从 2003 年到 2011 年，中风死亡率下降了 42% (p<0.001)，IHD 死亡率下降了 40% (p<0.001)。与此同时，血压下降了 3.0±0.33/1.4±0.20 mm Hg (p<0.001/p<0.001)，胆固醇下降了 0.4±0.02 mmol/L (p<0.001)，吸烟率从 19% 下降到 14% (p<0.001)，水果和蔬菜的摄入量增加消耗量（0.2±0.05份/天，p<0.001）和体重指数（BMI；0.5±0.09 kg/m2，p<0.001）增加。通过 24 小时尿钠测量的盐摄入量减少了 1.4 g/天 (p<0.01)。所有这些因素（BMI 除外），以及血压、胆固醇和心血管疾病治疗的改进，很可能导致中风和 IHD 死亡率下降。在未服用抗高血压药物的个体中，调整年龄、性别、种族、教育程度、家庭收入、饮酒量、水果和蔬菜摄入量以及体重指数后，血压下降了 2.7±0.34/1.1±0.23 mm Hg (p<0.001/p<0.001)。尽管没有测量这些参与者的盐摄入量，但同期人口随机样本中的平均盐摄入量下降了 15%，这一事实表明血压下降很大程度上归因于盐摄入量的减少，而不是抗高血压药物。盐摄入量的减少可能是英国 2003 年至 2011 年血压下降的重要原因。因此，它将大大降低中风和缺血性心脏病死亡率。
To determine the relationship between the reduction in salt intake that occurred in England, and blood pressure (BP), as well as mortality from stroke and ischaemic heart disease (IHD). Analysis of the data from the Health Survey for England. England, 2003 N=9183, 2006 N=8762, 2008 N=8974 and 2011 N=4753, aged ≥16 years. BP, stroke and IHD mortality. From 2003 to 2011, there was a decrease in mortality from stroke by 42% (p<0.001) and IHD by 40% (p<0.001). In parallel, there was a fall in BP of 3.0±0.33/1.4±0.20 mm Hg (p<0.001/p<0.001), a decrease of 0.4±0.02 mmol/L (p<0.001) in cholesterol, a reduction in smoking prevalence from 19% to 14% (p<0.001), an increase in fruit and vegetable consumption (0.2±0.05 portion/day, p<0.001) and an increase in body mass index (BMI; 0.5±0.09 kg/m2, p<0.001). Salt intake, as measured by 24 h urinary sodium, decreased by 1.4 g/day (p<0.01). It is likely that all of these factors (with the exception of BMI), along with improvements in the treatments of BP, cholesterol and cardiovascular disease, contributed to the falls in stroke and IHD mortality. In individuals who were not on antihypertensive medication, there was a fall in BP of 2.7±0.34/1.1±0.23 mm Hg (p<0.001/p<0.001) after adjusting for age, sex, ethnic group, education, household income, alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable intake and BMI. Although salt intake was not measured in these participants, the fact that the average salt intake in a random sample of the population fell by 15% during the same period suggests that the falls in BP would be largely attributable to the reduction in salt intake rather than antihypertensive medications. The reduction in salt intake is likely to be an important contributor to the falls in BP from 2003 to 2011 in England. As a result, it would have contributed substantially to the decreases in stroke and IHD mortality.
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影响因子：
168.9
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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Ezzati, Majid
影响因子：
168.9
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