Hidden violence is silent rape: sexual and gender-based violence in refugees, asylum seekers and undocumented migrants in Belgium and the Netherlands
Hidden violence is silent rape: sexual and gender-based violence in refugees, asylum seekers and undocumented migrants in Belgium and the Netherlands
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DOI：
10.1080/13691058.2012.671961
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Temmerman, Marleen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Keygnaert, Ines;Vettenburg, Nicole;Temmerman, Marleen
尽管世界各地的妇女、年轻人和难民都容易遭受性暴力和基于性别的暴力（SGBV），但几乎没有证据表明欧洲难民遭受性暴力和基于性别的暴力。利用基于社区的参与性研究，对比利时和荷兰的难民、寻求庇护者和无证移民进行了223次深入访谈。采用框架分析法对答复进行了分析。大多数答复者要么是个人被剥夺自由，要么是知道他们到达欧洲联盟后有一个亲密的同伴被剥夺自由。据报告，共有332起性暴力和基于性别的暴力事件，大多数是由（前）伴侣或庇护专业人员造成的。报告的暴力经历中有一半以上是性暴力，包括强奸和性剥削。结果表明，比利时和荷兰的难民、寻求庇护者和无证移民极易遭受暴力，特别是性暴力。未来的性暴力和基于性别的暴力预防措施应包括基于权利的、可取的和参与性的干预措施，同时侧重于若干社会生态层面。
Although women, young people and refugees are vulnerable to sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) worldwide, little evidence exists concerning SGBV against refugees in Europe. Using community-based participatory research, 223 in-depth interviews were conducted with refugees, asylum seekers and undocumented migrants in Belgium and the Netherlands. Responses were analysed using framework analysis. The majority of the respondents were either personally victimised or knew of a close peer being victimised since their arrival in the European Union. A total of 332 experiences of SGBV were reported, mostly afflicted on them by (ex-)partners or asylum professionals. More than half of the reported violent experiences comprised sexual violence, including rape and sexual exploitation. Results suggest that refugees, asylum seekers and undocumented migrants in Belgium and the Netherlands are extremely vulnerable to violence and, specifically, to sexual violence. Future SGBV preventive measures should consist of rights-based, desirable and participatory interventions, focusing on several socio-ecological levels concurrently.