Deep stories, nostalgia narratives, and fake news: Storytelling in the Trump era
Deep stories, nostalgia narratives, and fake news: Storytelling in the Trump era
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DOI：
10.1057/s41290-017-0037-7
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Callahan, Jessica
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Polletta, Francesca;Callahan, Jessica
将特朗普的支持者要么描述为被福克斯新闻“欺骗”，要么描述为基于自身生活经历发声，都忽略了两者皆有可能是事实这一点。我们借鉴有关叙事和媒体的学术研究，来追溯精英炮制的故事同时反映和塑造一种政治常识的方式。我们认为，叙事的暗示性（故事通过唤起其他故事起作用这一事实）有助于解释为什么媒体精英炮制的故事会让人觉得它们反映了人们的经历。就人们经常分享故事作为构建集体认同的一种方式这一点而言，它有助于解释为什么故事的合理性对这些人来说可能相对不重要。讲故事的这两个特征是其形式所固有的，但媒体格局的两个重大变化加剧了它们的政治影响：右翼媒体的兴起以及用户分享的数字新闻的大量涌现。我们追溯这些发展动态，以此来理解特朗普获得的选举支持。
Characterizing Trump supporters either as "duped'' by Fox News or as speaking from their lived experience misses the fact that both are true. We draw on scholarship on narrative and on the media to trace the ways in which elite-produced stories simultaneously reflect and forge a political common sense. We argue that narrative's allusiveness (the fact that stories work by calling up other stories) helps to explain why stories produced by media elites come to feel as if they reflect people's experience. The fact that people often share stories as a way of building collective identity, for its part, helps to explain why stories' plausibility may be relatively unimportant to those people. Both features of storytelling are intrinsic to the form, but their political effects have been sharpened by two significant changes in the media landscape: the rise of right-wing media outlets and the profusion of user-shared digital news. We trace these developments as a way to make sense of Trump's electoral support.