Estimating Mercury Exposure of Piscivorous Birds and Sport Fish Using Prey Fish Monitoring
Estimating Mercury Exposure of Piscivorous Birds and Sport Fish Using Prey Fish Monitoring
复制标题
DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.5b02691
复制
发表时间：
2015-11-17
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Bonnema, Autumn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ackerman, Joshua T.;Hartman, C. Alex;Bonnema, Autumn
甲基汞是水生生态系统的一种全球污染物，监测计划需要工具来预测野生动物的汞暴露情况。我们开发了方程，利用被捕食鱼中的汞浓度来估计食鱼鸟类和运动鱼的甲基汞暴露量。我们收集了西部鷊鷉 (Aechmophorus occidentalis) 和克拉克鷉鷉 (Aechmophorus clarkii) 的原始数据，并总结了已发表的文献，以生成鷊鷉特有的预测方程和食鱼鸟类的通用方程。我们在加州 25 个湖泊中测量了 354 只鸊鷉（血液平均为 1.06 +/- 0.08 微克/克湿重）、101 只鸊鷉蛋、230 条运动鱼（主要是大口黑鲈和虹鳟鱼）和 505 条被捕食鱼（14 种）的汞浓度。鸊鷉血液、鸊鷉卵和运动鱼中的汞浓度与湖泊中被捕食鱼中的汞浓度密切相关。被捕食鱼每增加 1.0 微克/克干重（相当于 0.24 微克/克湿重），就会导致鸊鷉血液中的汞浓度增加 103%，鸊鷉鱼卵中的汞浓度增加 92%，运动鱼中的汞浓度增加 116%。我们还发现湖泊中鷊鱼和运动鱼的汞浓度之间存在很强的相关性。我们的结果表明，当无法直接对野生动物取样时，猎物鱼监测可用于估计食鱼鸟类和运动鱼类的汞暴露量。
Methylmercury is a global pollutant of aquatic ecosystems, and monitoring programs need tools to predict mercury exposure of wildlife. We developed equations to estimate methylmercury exposure of piscivorous birds and sport fish using mercury concentrations in prey fish. We collected original data on western grebes (Aechmophorus occidentalis) and Clark's grebes (Aechmophorus clarkii) and summarized the published literature to generate predictive equations specific to grebes and a general equation for piscivorous birds. We measured mercury concentrations in 354 grebes (blood averaged 1.06 +/- 0.08 mu g/g ww), 101 grebe eggs, 230 sport fish (predominantly largemouth bass and rainbow trout), and 505 prey fish (14 species) at 25 lakes throughout California. Mercury concentrations in grebe blood, grebe eggs, and sport fish were strongly related to mercury concentrations in prey fish among lakes. Each 1.0 mu g/g dw (similar to 0.24 mu g/g ww) increase in prey fish resulted in an increase in mercury concentrations of 103% in grebe blood, 92% in grebe eggs, and 116% in sport fish. We also found strong correlations between mercury concentrations in grebes and sport fish among lakes. Our results indicate that prey fish monitoring can be used to estimate mercury exposure of piscivorous birds and sport fish when wildlife cannot be directly sampled.