The Securitisation of Migration in the EU
The Securitisation of Migration in the EU
复制标题
欧盟移民的安全化
DOI：
10.1057/9781137480583_5
复制
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wadia K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wadia K
各种政治评论家和学者都认为，自 9/11 事件和随后欧洲伊斯兰组织的恐怖袭击以来，移民“安全化”加速发展。正如我们从本书前面的章节中了解到的，批判安全研究（例如，Bigo 1998；Ceyhan 和 Tsoukala 2002；Huysmans 2006）和移民研究（例如，Faist 2004；Fauser 2006）的学者们认识到，国际移民越来越多地与民族国家及其各自国家所经历的各种形式的不安全（恐怖主义、骚乱和社会动荡、犯罪）联系在一起。公众。因此，移民被视为威胁和/或有罪的主体：这一观点得到了民众的支持，特别是在西方世界。然而，在人口大规模全球流动的时代，无论有意还是无意，将移民视为安全威胁的后果之一就是在移民人口中造成更大的不安全感。作为一个过程，从决定移民的那一刻起，一直到离开原籍国、进入目的地国、定居或拒绝入境或定居，移民都充满了不安全感。这种不安全感在强迫移民的情况下会加剧，特别是在移民被污蔑为潜在的恐怖分子、罪犯和社会麻烦制造者的情况下，以及经济危机导致公共服务严重削减、失业率上升以及随之而来的种族主义和仇外心理加剧的情况下。
Various political commentators and scholars accept that an accelerated progression of ‘securitisation’ of migration has taken place since the events of 9/11 and subsequent terror attacks by Islamic groups in Europe. As we have learned from preceding chapters in this volume, scholars within both critical security studies (for example, Bigo 1998; Ceyhan and Tsoukala 2002; Huysmans 2006) and migration studies (for instance, Faist 2004; Fauser 2006) recognise that international migration has been increasingly associated with various forms of insecurity (terrorism, riots and social unrest, criminality) experienced by nation-states and their respective general publics. Thus, migrants have been presented as threatening and/or guilty subjects: a standpoint which has gained popular support, particularly in the western world. However, one of the consequences, intended or not, of constituting migration as a security threat in an age of significant global movements of people, is the creation of greater insecurity among migrant populations. As a process, migration is fraught with insecurity from the moment of the decision to migrate, through to departure from the country of origin, entry into the destination country, and settlement or refusal of entry or settlement. Such insecurity is intensified in the case of forced migration, and particularly in contexts where migrants are stigmatised as potential terrorists, criminals and social troublemakers, and where economic crises have led to severe cuts in public services, rising unemployment and an attendant rise in racism and xenophobia.