Optimizing agri-environment schemes to improve river health and conservation value
Optimizing agri-environment schemes to improve river health and conservation value
复制标题
优化农业环境计划以改善河流健康和保护价值
DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.015
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Macdonald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Poole;D. Bradley;R. D. Salazar;D. Macdonald
淡水生态系统提供对人类生存和福祉至关重要的服务，但在全球范围内，其退化速度超过了补救管理。河流可能受到一系列人为压力，农业土地使用是欧洲河流水污染和栖息地退化的主要原因之一。水框架指令是欧洲河流和英国良好生态状况的主要立法驱动力;这导致人们试图通过农业环境计划（AES）减少农业对河流的负面影响。AES由税收资助，重要的是要优化它们以实现可衡量的生态改善。本文的目的是评估AES在低地英格兰河流域的生态效益。本研究以水生大型无脊椎动物作为河流健康和保护价值的指标，考察了AES方案中与河流距离的影响，以评估AES方案对改善河流健康的效果（以下简称AES河流方案）。英格兰低地的这一集水区对入门级AES的吸收水平非常高（超过80%），并促进了包含或不包含AES河流选项的方案之间的比较。大型无脊椎动物群落的保护价值和大型无脊椎动物的比例不耐水污染和沉积物的增加与高比例的林地在100米或500米的河流在整个上游集水区。高比例的AES河流选项在同一距离内与较高比例的沉积物敏感的大型无脊椎动物。我们的结论是，为提高生物质量或促进河流群落的保护价值，AES将通过保护林地在100-500米的缓冲区内沿沿着河流上游长度进行优化。
Freshwater ecosystems deliver services that are crucial to human existence and well-being, yet, globally, their degradation has outpaced remedial management. Rivers can be subjected to a range of anthropogenic pressures and agricultural land use is one major cause of water pollution and habitat degradation in European rivers. The Water Framework Directive is a major legislative driver for good ecological status in Europe's rivers and in the UK; this has led to attempts to reduce the negative effects of agriculture on rivers through agri-environment schemes (AES). AES are funded from tax revenue and it is important that they are optimized to deliver measurable ecological improvements. The purpose of this paper is to assess the ecological effectiveness of AES in a lowland English river basin. We examined the effect of distance from river in optimizing AES for the biological heath and conservation value of rivers.We used aquatic macroinvertebrates as indicators of river health and conservation value, to assess the effects of AES likely to improve river health (hereafter “AES river options”). This catchment in lowland England had a very high (over 80%) level of uptake of entry level AES, and facilitated a comparison between schemes that do or do not contain AES river options. The conservation value of macroinvertebrate communities and the proportion of macroinvertebrates intolerant of water pollution and sedimentation increased with high proportions of woodland within 100 m or 500 m of the river throughout the entire upstream catchment. High proportions of AES river options within the same distance were correlated with higher proportions of sediment-sensitive macroinvertebrates. We conclude that for improving biological quality or promoting the conservation value of river communities, AES will be optimized by preserving woodland within a 100–500 m buffer zone along the upstream length of the river.