Implementations of two-dimensional liquid chromatography
Implementations of two-dimensional liquid chromatography
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chroma.2008.01.086
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发表时间：
2008-05-02
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Shalliker, R. Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guiochon, Georges;Marchetti, Nicola;Shalliker, R. Andrew
今天，科学家们必须处理复杂的样品，这些样品要么不能用一维色谱法充分分离，要么需要过多的时间进行分离。对于这些情况，我们需要二维色谱法，因为连续两次产生峰容量n（c）比一次产生峰容量n（c）（2）所需的时间少得多。液相色谱法已成功地在吸附剂薄层上和沿填充有各种吸附剂的沿着管进行。第一种类型的分离在物理分离空间中分选出样品组分，该物理分离空间是填充材料层。分析时间对于样品的所有组分都是相同的，而它们的迁移距离随着保留时间的减少而增加。具有一定分离因子（α）的两个组分之间的分辨率随着迁移距离的增加而增加，即，从强到弱保留的化合物。在第二类分离中，样品组分从柱上洗脱并在时间空间上分离，它们的迁移距离都是相同的，而它们的保留时间从未保留到强保留化合物增加。只要组分从柱中洗脱，分离效率随保留时间变化不大。我们分别将这两种类型的分离称为空间色谱分离（LCx）和时间色谱分离（LC '）。原则上，有四种方法可以将这两种模式联合收割机并进行二维色谱分离，LC'x LC'，LC ' x LC'，LC' x LC'和LC' x LC'。我们回顾，讨论和比较这些组合的潜在性能，它们的优点，缺点，问题，前景和结果。目前，基于柱的组合（LC' x LC'）是最积极的追求。我们建议，组合LC' x LC'显示出特殊的承诺，因为它允许同时第二维分离的所有馏分中的第一维，从而提供显着的节省时间。(C)2008 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
Today scientists must deal with complex samples that either cannot be adequately separated using one-dimensional chromatography or that require an inordinate amount of time for separation. For these cases we need two-dimensional chromatography because it takes far less time to generate a peak capacity n(c) twice in a row than to generate a peak capacity n(c)(2) once. Liquid chromatography has been carried out successfully on thin layers of adsorbents and along tubes filled with various adsorbents. The first type of separation sorts out the sample components in a physical separation space that is the layer of packing material. The analysis time is the same for all the components of the sample while their migration distance increases with decreasing retention. The resolution between two components having a certain separation factor (alpha) increases with increasing migration distance, i.e., from the strongly to the weakly retained compounds. In the second type of separation, the sample components are eluted from the column and separated in the time space, their migration distances are all the same while their retention times increase from the unretained to the strongly retained compounds. Separation efficiency varies little with retention, as long as the components are eluted from the column. We call these two types of separation the chromatographic separations in space (LCx) and the chromatographic separations in time (LC'), respectively. In principle, there are four ways to combine these two modes and do two-dimensional chromatographic separations, LC' x LC', LC' x LC', LC' x LC', and LC' x LC'. We review, discuss and compare the potential performance of these combinations, their advantages, drawbacks, problems, perspectives and results. Currently, column-based combinations (LC' x LC') are the most actively pursued. We suggest that the combination LC' x LC' shows exceptional promise because it permits the simultaneous second-dimension separations of all the fractions separated in the first-dimension, thus providing remarkable time saving. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.