Awareness of Rhythm Patterns in Speech and Music in Children with Specific Language Impairments.
Awareness of Rhythm Patterns in Speech and Music in Children with Specific Language Impairments.
复制标题
具有特定语言障碍儿童的语音和音乐中节奏模式的意识。
DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2015.00672
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Goswami U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cumming R;Wilson A;Leong V;Colling LJ;Goswami U
患有特定语言障碍（SLI）的儿童表现出语言的感知和产生受损，并且在感知节奏的听觉线索[振幅上升时间（ART）和声音持续时间]和敲击节奏节拍方面也表现出障碍。在这里，我们探讨语言发展和节奏感知之间的潜在联系，在45名儿童SLI和50个年龄匹配的控制。我们管理三个节奏的任务，音乐节拍检测任务，一个音乐的任务，和一个新的音乐/语音任务，不同的节奏和音高线索独立或一起在语音和音乐。通过低通滤波，音乐听起来就像是从低质量的收音机里播放的，而演讲听起来就像是被闷住了（在“门后面”听到）。我们报告了所有SLI儿童（N = 45，智商不同）的数据，以及两个独立的亚组与完整的智商。一个亚组，“纯SLI”，有完整的语音和阅读（N = 16），另一个，“SLI PPR”（N = 15），有受损的语音和阅读。当智商不同（所有SLI儿童），我们发现显着的组差异，在所有的节奏任务。单纯SLI组仅在敲击任务中出现节奏障碍。对于SLI和语音学差（SLI PPR）的儿童，在所有过滤的语音/音乐AXB任务中发现了组间差异。我们的结论是，在语音和音乐的节奏线索的困难是存在于SLI儿童，但一些节奏的措施比其他人更敏感。这些数据被解释在一个“韵律措辞”的假设，我们讨论了潜在的效用的节奏和音乐的干预措施，在补救语音和语言困难的儿童。
Children with specific language impairments (SLIs) show impaired perception and production of language, and also show impairments in perceiving auditory cues to rhythm [amplitude rise time (ART) and sound duration] and in tapping to a rhythmic beat. Here we explore potential links between language development and rhythm perception in 45 children with SLI and 50 age-matched controls. We administered three rhythmic tasks, a musical beat detection task, a tapping-to-music task, and a novel music/speech task, which varied rhythm and pitch cues independently or together in both speech and music. Via low-pass filtering, the music sounded as though it was played from a low-quality radio and the speech sounded as though it was muffled (heard “behind the door”). We report data for all of the SLI children (N = 45, IQ varying), as well as for two independent subgroupings with intact IQ. One subgroup, “Pure SLI,” had intact phonology and reading (N = 16), the other, “SLI PPR” (N = 15), had impaired phonology and reading. When IQ varied (all SLI children), we found significant group differences in all the rhythmic tasks. For the Pure SLI group, there were rhythmic impairments in the tapping task only. For children with SLI and poor phonology (SLI PPR), group differences were found in all of the filtered speech/music AXB tasks. We conclude that difficulties with rhythmic cues in both speech and music are present in children with SLIs, but that some rhythmic measures are more sensitive than others. The data are interpreted within a “prosodic phrasing” hypothesis, and we discuss the potential utility of rhythmic and musical interventions in remediating speech and language difficulties in children.