Identification and characterization of a putative new psychoactive substance, 2-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetamido)-3-methylbutanamide, in Spain
Identification and characterization of a putative new psychoactive substance, 2-(2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetamido)-3-methylbutanamide, in Spain
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DOI：
10.1002/dta.2182
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发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Ibanez, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fabregat-Safont, D.;Fornis, I.;Ibanez, M.
新的精神活性物质(NPS)是指人工合成的天然化合物或新设计的化合物，旨在引起刺激、幻觉或镇静等精神反应。[1]根据欧盟欧洲药物和药物成瘾监测中心的数据，目前有560多种NPS正在接受监测，其中98种物质是在2015年首次报告的。[2，3]尽管如此，仍有许多NPS没有受到监测，因此它们对健康的影响尚未得到研究。因此，在过去的几年里，许多与NPS有关的中毒和死亡案例都被报道了，这突显了这些物质对公众健康的风险。[4]监测NPS的挑战之一是为了逃避监管而不断发生的结构演变，因此当一种物质被禁止或控制时，市场上会有几种新的化合物取代它。NPS通常以各种外观出现，如香料、浴盐、草药混合物或派对药丸，通过不受监管的市场、不同的网站或智能商店出售。[4，5]这些产品通常被称为“法律高点”。尽管类阿片、色胺、苯二氮卓、哌嗪和苯乙胺也很常见，但合成大麻素、合成卡替诺酮和苯丙胺构成了NP的最大类别。[2，3]合成卡替诺酮和苯丙胺作为兴奋剂的替代品出售，并已被报告为药丸、水晶和嗅探粉。[6]合成大麻素通常作为草药混合物或香料出售，取代大麻。
The term ‘new psychoactive substances’(NPS) refers to synthetically changed natural compounds or newly designed compounds intended to elicit a psychotropic response such as stimulation, hallucination or sedation.[1] According to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction of the European Union, more than 560 NPS are currently being monitored, and 98 of these substance were reported for the first time in 2015.[2, 3] Despite that, there are still many NPS that are not being monitored, and therefore their health effects are not yet studied. Hence, many cases of intoxication and death related to NPS have been reported in the past few years, highlighting the public health risks of these substances.[4] One of the challenges of monitoring NPS is the continuous structural evolution to evade regulation, so when one substance is banned or controlled, several new compounds replace it in the market.NPS are usually found with various appearances, like incenses, bath salts, herbal blends or party pills, sold through an unregulated market, different websites or smart-shops.[4, 5] These products are typically known as ‘legal highs’. Synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones and amphetamines constitute the largest groups of NPS, although opioids, tryptamines, benzodiazepines, piperazines and phenethylamines are also common.[2, 3] Synthetic cathinones and amphetamines are sold as replacements for stimulants, and have been reported in pills, crystal and sniff powder.[6] Synthetic cannabinoids are commonly sold as herbal blends or spices, replacing cannabis.[7]