Identification of Sites of Sympathetic Outflow During Concurrent Recordings of Sympathetic Nerve Activity and fMRI
Identification of Sites of Sympathetic Outflow During Concurrent Recordings of Sympathetic Nerve Activity and fMRI
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DOI：
10.1002/ar.22513
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Macefield, Vaughan G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henderson, Luke A.;James, Cheree;Macefield, Vaughan G.
神经系统的交感神经分支对于维持静息动脉压和产生行为状态变化所需的区域灌注变化都是至关重要的。动脉压的主要决定因素是骨骼肌内血管收缩的水平。动脉压的动态变化与肌肉交感神经活动（MSNA）通过压力反射的作用密切相关。虽然在麻醉的实验动物中已经广泛地研究了压力感受器反射的中枢回路，但是很少有研究在清醒的人类受试者中研究了负责压力感受器反射的中枢回路。最近，我们在一系列旨在确定人类压力感受器反射背后的中枢回路的实验中，首次同时记录了清醒人类的MSNA（使用显微神经描记术）和大脑活动（使用功能性磁共振成像）。我们证实，压力感受性反射涉及活动的变化，孤束核，尾侧腹外侧和头侧腹外侧延髓。由于原发性高血压、肥胖和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停等疾病的特征都是静息MSNA显著增加，因此了解参与调节静息MSNA水平的脑干和皮质部位非常重要。如果我们要了解以高血压为特征的许多疾病的潜在机制，那么未来的研究定义参与产生和调节MSNA的皮质部位是很重要的。Anat Rec，2012. (C)2012 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.
The sympathetic division of the nervous system is critical for maintaining both resting arterial pressure and for producing changes in regional perfusion required by behavioral state changes. A primary determinant of arterial pressure is the level of vasoconstriction within skeletal muscle. It is well established that there is a tight relationship between dynamic changes in arterial pressure and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) through the workings of the baroreflex. While the central circuitry underlying the baroreflex has been extensively investigated in anesthetized experimental animals, few studies have investigated the central circuitry responsible for the baroreflex in awake human subjects. Recently we were the first to record concurrently MSNA (using microneurography) and brain activity (using functional magnetic resonance imaging) in awake humans in a series of experiments designed to determine the central circuitry underlying the baroreflex in humans. We confirmed that the baroreflex involves activity changes within the nucleus tractus solitarius, caudal ventrolateral, and rostral ventrolateral medulla. Because conditions such as essential hypertension, obesity, and obstructive sleep apnea are all characterized by significant increases in resting MSNA, it is important to understand both brainstem and cortical sites involved in regulating resting levels of MSNA. Future investigations which define cortical sites involved in generating and modulating MSNA are important if we are to understand the underlying mechanisms of many conditions characterized by hypertension. Anat Rec, 2012. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.