Surface energy effects for small holes or particles in elastomers
Surface energy effects for small holes or particles in elastomers
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DOI：
10.1002/pol.1969.160070904
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发表时间：
1969-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Gent;D. Tompkins
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Gent;D. Tompkins
摘要从理论上研究了高弹性固体中小球形孔的膨胀问题。同时考虑弹性和表面能项；假定相应的表面力是可加性的。假定弹性体的表面能与简单液体的表面能相似。计算了将现有孔洞膨胀到无限大尺寸所需的压力或三轴张力。小的井眼需要非常大的压力，对于10˚半径的井眼，压力约为1000 atm。这些结果提出了一种确定弹性体中孔洞尺寸分布的方法，并且原则上解释了空化过程的实验观察。弹性体与小的刚性夹杂物的分离用类似的方法处理。在拉伸炭黑填充弹性体上一般不存在膨胀或空化现象，因此完全是根据这些填充颗粒的小尺寸来解释的。
Abstract Expansion of a small spherical hole in a highly elastic solid is treated theoretically. Both elastic and surface energy terms are considered; the corresponding surface forces are assumed to be additive. The surface energy of the elastomer is assumed to be similar to that of simple liquids. Pressures or triaxial tensions required to inflate pre-existing holes to an indefinitely large size are calculated. Small holes require extremely large pressures, of the order of 1000 atm for holes of 10 A˚ radius. These results suggest a means of determining the distribution of hole sizes in elastomers and account, in principle, for experimental observations of cavitation processes. Detachment of the elastomer from a small rigid inclusion is treated in a similar way. The general absence of dilation or cavitation on stretching carbon black filled elastomers is thus accounted for solely in terms of the small size of these filler particles.