Trace but not delay fear conditioning requires attention and the anterior cingulate cortex
Trace but not delay fear conditioning requires attention and the anterior cingulate cortex
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2132313100
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发表时间：
2003-10-28
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Anderson, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Han, CJ;O'Tuathaigh, CM;Anderson, DJ
注意力等高级认知功能很难在遗传易驯化的生物体中建模。对于人类来说，分散注意力的刺激会干扰痕迹条件反射，但不会干扰延迟条件反射，这是联想学习的两种形式。注意力也与前扣带皮层（ACC）的激活相关，但其功能意义尚不清楚。在这里，我们证明视觉干扰物选择性地干扰小鼠的痕迹，但不会延迟听觉恐惧调节。通过 c-fos 表达的相对水平测定，微量条件反射与 ACC 中神经元活动的增加有关，并且该结构的损伤会选择性地损害该条件反射。 ACC 损伤的影响不太可能是由海马体的间接损伤引起的，而海马体是痕迹调节的助记方面所必需的。这些数据表明，微量调节可能有助于研究小鼠注意力的神经底物，并表明 ACC 就是这样的底物之一。
Higher cognitive functions such as attention have been difficult to model in genetically tractable organisms. In humans, attention-distracting stimuli interfere with trace but not delay conditioning, two forms of associative learning. Attention has also been correlated with activation of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), but its functional significance is unclear. Here we show that a visual distractor interferes selectively with trace but not delay auditory fear conditioning in mice. Trace conditioning is associated with increased neuronal activity in ACC, as assayed by relative levels of c-fos expression, and is selectively impaired by lesions of this structure. The effects of the ACC lesions are unlikely to be caused by indirect impairment of the hippocampus, which is required for mnemonic aspects of trace conditioning. These data suggest that trace conditioning may be useful for studying neural substrates of attention in mice, and implicate the ACC as one such substrate.