Lake eutrophication and its implications for organic carbon sequestration in Europe
Lake eutrophication and its implications for organic carbon sequestration in Europe
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DOI：
10.1111/gcb.12584
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Lotter, A. F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anderson, N. J.;Bennion, H.;Lotter, A. F.
由于长期的土地覆盖变化和农业集约化，欧洲低地湖泊因氮（N）和磷（P）过量而造成严重富营养化。富营养化的生态和社会经济影响已广为人知，但其对湖泊有机碳（OC）封存的影响及其随时间的变化尚未确定。在这里，我们编译了来自类似 90 个受文化影响的欧洲湖泊的数据 [类似 60% 是富营养化的，总 P (TP) >30 mu g Pl(-1)]，并确定了过去 100-150 年中 OC 埋藏率增加的程度。 1950-1990年期间的平均聚焦校正OC积累率(CAR(FC))与60 g C m (2) yr (1)相似，对于>100 mu g TP l (1)的湖泊，平均值与100 g C m (2) yr (1)相似。 1950年后与1900-1950年C AR的比率较低（接近1.5），表明整个20世纪碳积累率较高。与 OC 埋藏的背景估计值（类似于 5-10 g C m (2) yr (-1)）相比，当代埋藏率至少增加了四到五倍。从本研究得出的 C AR(FC) 和 TP 之间的统计关系 (r(2) = 0.5) 可用于估计缺乏沉积物碳埋藏估计的地点的 OC 埋藏。考虑了富营养化、成岩作用、湖泊形态测量和沉积物聚焦作为 OC 埋藏率控制的影响。对本研究结果的保守解释表明，过去一个世纪中，TP l(-1) > 30 μg TP l(-1) 的欧洲低地中观富营养化湖泊的 OC 埋藏率超过 50 g C m (-2) yr (-1)，这表明以前对区域湖泊 OC 埋藏的估计严重低估了它们对欧洲碳封存的贡献。湖泊对有机碳的埋藏增多是人为破坏养分循环带来的负面影响的一个积极副作用。
The eutrophication of lowland lakes in Europe by excess nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) is severe because of the long history of land-cover change and agricultural intensification. The ecological and socio-economic effects of eutrophication are well understood but its effect on organic carbon (OC) sequestration by lakes and its change overtime has not been determined. Here, we compile data from similar to 90 culturally impacted European lakes [similar to 60% are eutrophic, Total P (TP) >30 mu g Pl(-1)] and determine the extent to which OC burial rates have increased over the past 100-150 years. The average focussing corrected, OC accumulation rate (C AR(FC)) for the period 1950-1990 was similar to 60 g C m (2) yr (1), and for lakes with >100 mu g TP l (1) the average was similar to 100 g C m (2) yr (1). The ratio of post-1950 to 1900-1950 C AR is low (similar to 1.5) indicating that C accumulation rates have been high throughout the 20th century. Compared to background estimates of OC burial (similar to 5-10 g C m (2) yr (-1)), contemporary rates have increased by at least four to fivefold. The statistical relationship between C AR(FC) and TP derived from this study (r(2) = 0.5) can be used to estimate OC burial at sites lacking estimates of sediment C-burial. The implications of eutrophication, diagenesis, lake morphometry and sediment focussing as controls of OC burial rates are considered. A conservative interpretation of the results of the this study suggests that lowland European meso-to eutrophic lakes with >30 mu g TP l(-1) had OC burial rates in excess of 50 g C m (-2) yr (-1) over the past century, indicating that previous estimates of regional lake OC burial have seriously underestimated their contribution to European carbon sequestration. Enhanced OC burial by lakes is one positive side-effect of the otherwise negative impact of the anthropogenic disruption of nutrient cycles.