Relationship between Hypoxia and Macrobenthic Production in Chesapeake Bay
Relationship between Hypoxia and Macrobenthic Production in Chesapeake Bay
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DOI：
10.1007/s12237-013-9763-4
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发表时间：
2014-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
S. K. Sturdivant;R. Díaz;R. Llansó;D. Dauer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. K. Sturdivant;R. Díaz;R. Llansó;D. Dauer
人类的发展已经降低了切萨皮克湾的健康，导致缺氧的范围和严重程度增加（≤2 mg O2 l-1）。海湾的缺氧区对大型底栖动物的群落结构和次级生产都有不利影响。从1996年到2004年，缺氧对大型底栖动物生产的影响进行了评估，在切萨皮克湾及其三个主要支流（波托马克河，拉帕汉诺克河和约克河）。每年夏季（7月下旬至9月上旬），从每个系统随机采集25个大型底栖动物样本，并使用埃德加的异速生长方程估算多盐区和中盐区的大型底栖动物生产量。大型底栖动物生产的波动与溶解氧显着相关。大型底栖动物生产低90%，在缺氧相对于常氧。因此，在7，720平方公里的面积上，生物量损失约7，320 - 13，200公吨C，估计相当于夏季海湾大型底栖动物生产力的20%至35%。虽然较高的消费者可能会受益于容易获得压力猎物在某些地区，大的空间和时间范围的季节性缺氧限制了较高的营养级转移，通过抑制大型底栖动物的生产。大型底栖动物生产的这种大规模损失将对海湾的整体健康有害，因为它发生在底栖和底层捕食者需要高能量的时候。
Human development has degraded Chesapeake Bay's health, resulting in an increase in the extent and severity of hypoxia (≤2 mg O2l-1). The Bay's hypoxic zones have an adverse effect on both community structure and secondary production of macrobenthos. From 1996 to 2004, the effect of hypoxia on macrobenthic production was assessed in Chesapeake Bay and its three main tributaries (Potomac, Rappahannock, and York Rivers). Each year, in the summer (late July − early September), 25 random samples of the benthic macrofauna were collected from each system, and macrobenthic production in the polyhaline and mesohaline regions was estimated using Edgar's allometric equation. Fluctuations in macrobenthic production were significantly correlated with dissolved oxygen. Macrobenthic production was 90 % lower during hypoxia relative to normoxia. As a result, there was a biomass loss of ~7,320–13,200 metric tons C over an area of 7,720 km2, which is estimated to equate to a 20 % to 35 % displacement of the Bay's macrobenthic productivity during the summer. While higher consumers may benefit from easy access to stressed prey in some areas, the large spatial and temporal extent of seasonal hypoxia limits higher trophic level transfer, via the inhibition of macrobenthic production. Such a massive loss of macrobenthic production would be detrimental to the overall health of the Bay, as it comes at a time when epibenthic and demersal predators have high-energy demands.