Quantum reality and measurement : A quantum logicalapproach
Quantum reality and measurement : A quantum logicalapproach
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量子现实与测量：量子逻辑方法
DOI：
10.1007/s10701-010-9462-y
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
M. Ozawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
小澤正直;北島雄一郎;M. Ozawa
最近建立的普适测不准原理揭示了两个无处可换的观测量在某个状态下可以同时被测量，而它们在任何状态下都没有联合概率分布。因此，一个测量装置可以同时测量两个不具有同时现实性的可观测量。为了调和这种矛盾，提出了一种基于量子逻辑的方法来建立量子实在与测量之间的关系。我们提供了一种语言，讲的价值观的测量独立的量子逻辑的基础上，我们在这种语言中构建的状态依赖的概念，联合determinatives，值的身份，同时可测性。这自然提供了一种语境解释，在这种语境解释中，我们可以安全地宣称这样一种陈述，即一个测量装置在一个语境中测量一个可观测量，同时它在另一个不相容的语境中测量另一个无处可换的可观测量。
The recently established universal uncertainty principle revealed that two nowhere commuting observables can be measured simultaneously in some state, whereas they have no joint probability distribution in any state. Thus, one measuring apparatus can simultaneously measure two observables that have no simultaneous reality. In order to reconcile this discrepancy, an approach based on quantum logic is proposed to establish the relation between quantum reality and measurement. We provide a language speaking of values of observables independent of measurement based on quantum logic and we construct in this language the state-dependent notions of joint determinateness, value identity, and simultaneous measurability. This naturally provides a contextual interpretation, in which we can safely claim such a statement that one measuring apparatus measures one observable in one context and simultaneously it measures another nowhere commuting observable in another incompatible context.