Dual training in Europe: a policy fad or a policy turn?
Dual training in Europe: a policy fad or a policy turn?
复制标题
欧洲的双元制培训：政策时尚还是政策转向？
DOI：
10.1177/1024258919898317
复制
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Antonio Martín Artiles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. Šćepanović;Antonio Martín Artiles
自全球金融危机开始以来，欧洲经历了对双重职业教育和培训（VET）的新热情。欧盟本身积极向其成员国宣传双重职业教育与培训的好处，为将学徒制引入正规教育体系提供财政和组织支持。然而，尽管人们普遍认为双重职业教育与培训是一种有助于年轻人顺利过渡到劳动力市场的宝贵工具，但它也是一种技能培养形式，不仅需要学校和开展培训的公司之间进行大量协调，而且需要公司之间以及雇主和雇员组织之间进行大量协调。在这个介绍中，我们认为，虽然欧盟已成功地鼓励建立双VET在其所有成员国，其实施一直很不平衡。这部分是由于基本组织结构中预先存在的差异，但也是由于正在进行的人口、技术和制度变化----有些是由欧洲一体化本身引起的----削弱了企业培训的动机。
Since the start of the global financial crisis Europe has experienced a new enthusiasm for dual vocational education and training (VET). The EU itself has actively promoted the benefits of dual VET to its members, offering financial and organisational support for the introduction of apprenticeships into the formal educational systems. However, while dual VET is widely considered to be a valuable tool for easing the transition into the labour market for young people, it is also a form of skill formation that requires a lot of coordination not only between the schools and firms that carry out the training, but also among the firms themselves and between employer and employee organisations. In this introduction we argue that whereas the EU has been successful in encouraging establishment of dual VET in all its member countries, its implementation has been very uneven. This is due in part to the pre-existing differences in the underlying organisational structures, but also to the ongoing demographic, technological, and institutional changes – some caused by European integration itself – which weaken firms’ incentives to train.