Stem-cell-derived models: tools for studying role of microbiota in intestinal homeostasis and disease.
Stem-cell-derived models: tools for studying role of microbiota in intestinal homeostasis and disease.
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DOI：
10.1097/mog.0000000000000691
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Young VB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dheer R;Young VB
在这篇综述中，我们将总结在产生基于干细胞的类器官和类肠模型的胃肠道及其重要性，了解微生物在肠道上皮稳态和疾病的作用的最新进展。肠干细胞衍生的培养系统是自组织三维器官型培养物，其概括了人类肠道的许多细胞、结构和功能方面。在开发方法以结合额外的细胞谱系和生理线索以更好地模拟肠道的复杂性方面已经取得了进展。目前的模型系统促进了胃肠道感染和与胃肠道正常非致病性微生物居民的相互作用的研究。这些研究阐明了活微生物或其代谢产物、配体和毒力因子如何影响上皮细胞分化、维持、修复、功能和肠道发育。器官型模型是研究宿主-微生物相互作用的宝贵工具，补充了体内实验模型系统。这些模型在复杂性和保真度方面已经发展。基于干细胞的模型已经处于研究宿主-微生物相互作用的最前沿，随着不断的发展，未来看起来更加有希望。
In this review, we will summarize the recent progress made in generating stem cells-based organoid and enteroid models of the gastrointestinal tract and their importance in understanding the role of microbes in intestinal epithelial homeostasis and disease. Intestinal stem-cell derived culture systems are self-organizing three-dimensional organotypic cultures that recapitulate many cellular, architectural and functional aspects of the human intestine. Progress has been made in the development of methods to incorporate additional cell lineages and physiological cues to better mimic the complexity of the intestine. Current model systems have facilitated both the study of gastrointestinal infections and interactions with normally non-pathogenic microbial residents of the GI tract. These studies have illustrated how live microbes, or their metabolites, ligands and virulence factors influence epithelial cell differentiation, maintenance, repair, function and intestine development. Organotypic models are invaluable tools for studying host-microbe interactions that complement in vivo experimental model systems. These models have evolved in terms of complexity and fidelity. The stem-cell based models are already at forefront for studying host-microbe interactions and with continued development, the future looks even more promising.