White Flight
White Flight
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白色飞行
DOI：
10.1002/9781118568446.eurs0413
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Todd Gardner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Richardson Dilworth;Todd Gardner
最高法院的裁决，如布朗诉教育委员会案(1954)和斯旺诉夏洛特-梅克伦堡教育委员会案(1971)表面上应该减少学校中的种族隔离，但米利肯诉布拉德利案(1974)使居住在黑人人口众多的中部城市的白人父母有可能通过搬到黑人儿童非常少(如果有的话)的边远郊区学区来避免融合。大多数现有证据表明，这实际上就是发生的事情；二战后，非裔美国人从南部各州大规模移民到东北部和中西部城市，与此同时，美国白人也从这些城市迁移到周围的郊区。然而，最近，白人正在搬回城市，越来越多的黑人正在搬到郊区。
Supreme Court decisions such as Brown v. Board of Education (1954) and Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education (1971) should ostensibly have decreased desegregation in schools, Milliken v. Bradley (1974) made it possible for White parents living in a central city in which there was a large Black population to avoid integration by moving to an outlying suburban school district in which there were very few if any Black children. Most available evidence suggests that this is in fact what happened; the massive migration of African Americans from the Southern states to Northeastern and Midwestern cities after World War II was matched by the migration of White Americans out of those same cities, and into the surrounding suburbs. Yet more recently, Whites are moving back into cities an increasing number of Blacks are moving into the suburbs.