Altering Context Speech Rate Can Cause Words to Appear or Disappear
Altering Context Speech Rate Can Cause Words to Appear or Disappear
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797610384743
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Pitt, Mark A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dilley, Laura C.;Pitt, Mark A.
语音是随着时间的推移而产生的，这使得对语音事件之间的时间安排的敏感性对于理解语言至关重要。两项实验调查了功能词（例如，or，are）的感知是否与随意言语中的语速相关，这些言语通常包含频谱上大大减少的语音片段。在实验1中，说话者说出包含目标功能词的句子；放慢讲话者围绕该词的语速会导致听众认为句子中缺少该词（例如，休闲或时间被视为休闲时间）。在实验2中，说话者说出缺少虚词的匹配句子；实验 1 中嵌入功能词的区域周围说话者的语速加快，导致听众感知到从未说过的功能词（例如，休闲时间被感知为休闲或时间）。结果表明，听众根据语速形成期望，而这些期望影响了感知到的单词数量和单词边界。这些发现可能有助于解释当语音信号失真（例如，由于随意的说话风格）时语音识别的鲁棒性。
Speech is produced over time, and this makes sensitivity to timing between speech events crucial for understanding language. Two experiments investigated whether perception of function words (e.g., or, are) is rate dependent in casual speech, which often contains phonetic segments that are spectrally quite reduced. In Experiment 1, talkers spoke sentences containing a target function word; slowing talkers' speech rate around this word caused listeners to perceive sentences as lacking the word (e.g., leisure or time was perceived as leisure time). In Experiment 2, talkers spoke matched sentences lacking a function word; speeding talkers' speech rate around the region in which the function word had been embedded in Experiment 1 caused listeners to perceive a function word that was never spoken (e.g., leisure time was perceived as leisure or time). The results suggest that listeners formed expectancies based on speech rate, and these expectancies influenced the number of words and word boundaries perceived. These findings may help explain the robustness of speech recognition when speech signals are distorted (e.g., because of a casual speaking style).