Sustainable liquid biofuels and their environmental impact
Sustainable liquid biofuels and their environmental impact
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DOI：
10.1002/ep.10209
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发表时间：
2007-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Holtzapple, Mark T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Granda, Cesar B.;Zhu, Li;Holtzapple, Mark T.
无论以何种方式生产液体生物燃料，它们都避免使用政治和经济不稳定的石油。然而，关于它们的环境影响和可持续性存在很多争论。玉米乙醇的生产使用大量化石燃料，尽管这些化石燃料是本地生产的，但人们怀疑其持续使用是否会带来任何明显的经济和环境效益。另一方面，生物柴油由于其制造工艺更简单、更高效，因此其提供的环境效益更加清晰，但由于其作物生产力较低，其大规模的可持续性尚不清楚。巴西以甘蔗为基础的乙醇工业已经表明，在实施生物燃料基础设施时，无论是在环境上还是在经济上都是高效的。与甘蔗乙醇技术非常相似的是纤维素乙醇。纤维素乙醇基础设施可以利用生产率更高、环境影响更低的作物。此外，转换过程使用的化石燃料非常少，这使其更具可持续性和环境友好性。本文介绍了实施可持续生物燃料所需的基础设施，讨论了其预计效益、环境影响以及可持续发展所需的物流。 (C) 2007 年美国化学工程师学会环境进展。
In whatever measure liquid biofuels are produced, they avoid the use of politically and economically unstable petroleum. However, there has been much debate regarding their environmental impact and sustainability. Corn ethanol manufacturing uses large quantities of fossil fuels, which, although locally produced, create doubt on whether its continual use will bring any clear economic and environmental benefits. On the other band, biodiesel, because it enjoys a simpler and thus efficient manufacturing process, shows more clarity as to the environmental benefits it provides, but its sustainability at a significant scale is not clear due to the low productivity of its crops. Brazil's ethanol industry, which is based on sugarcane, has shown that it is possible to be efficient, both environmentally and economically in the implementation of a biofuel infrastructure. Very akin to sugarcane ethanol technology is cellulosic ethanol. A cellulosic ethanol infrastructure can make use of crops that have higher productivities and lower environmental impact. In addition, the conversion process uses very little fossil fuels, which makes it even more sustainable and environmentally benign. This article describes the infrastructure necessary for the implementation of sustainable biofuels, discusses their projected benefits, their environmental impact, and the logistics needed for their sustainability. (C) 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog.