Stigmatization of Patients with HIV/AIDS among Doctors and Nurses in Belize
Stigmatization of Patients with HIV/AIDS among Doctors and Nurses in Belize
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DOI：
10.1089/apc.2007.0219
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Chien, Li-Yin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andrewin, Aisha;Chien, Li-Yin
这项研究于2007年8月至9月进行，利用一项基于人口的调查，调查了伯利兹公立医院的医生和护士对艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的轻蔑态度和歧视行为。共有230名受试者（81.0%）完成了调查。平均年龄为36.8岁; 75%为妇女; 61%为护士; 74%为伯利兹人。“指责/评判态度”的污名化程度最高;向同事透露病人的艾滋病毒/艾滋病状况是最常见的歧视行为（29%）。正规的艾滋病毒/艾滋病培训与“对强制措施的态度”（p <0.01）、“责备/判断的态度”（p < 0.05）和未经同意的检测（p < 0.05）的污名化程度较低显著相关。医生在“对强制措施的态度”、未经同意进行艾滋病毒检测和向同事透露患者状况方面比护士表现出更多的污名化（p < 0.05），而护士根据患者的艾滋病毒状况给予差别化护理的频率比医生高（p < 0.01）。女性和有宗教信仰的医护人员（HCWs）比男性和无宗教信仰的医护人员（HCWs）在“指责/判断态度”上更容易受到污名化（p < 0.05）。与伯利兹的同行相比，古巴的HCW在“对强制措施的态度”方面更具耻辱感，并且在与艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者打交道时不太舒服（p < 0.01）。年龄越大，患者HIV感染状况的披露频率越低（p < 0.05）。需要开展艾滋病毒/艾滋病培训，其中包括针对所确定的目标群体的减少耻辱感战略。此外，我们建议调查国家艾滋病毒/艾滋病政策的有效性。
This study, conducted from August to September 2007, utilized a population-based survey to investigate stigmatizing attitudes and acts of discrimination against HIV/AIDS patients among doctors and nurses working in public hospitals in Belize. A total of 230 subjects (81.0%) completed the survey. The mean age was 36.8 years; 75% were women; 61% were nurses; 74% were Belizean. Stigmatization was greatest for "attitudes of blame/judgment"; disclosing a patient's HIV/AIDS status to colleagues was the most frequent act of discrimination (29%). Formal HIV/AIDS training was significantly associated with less stigmatization for "attitudes towards imposed measures" (p < .01); "attitudes of blame/judgment" (p < 0.05); and testing without consent (p < 0.05). Doctors showed more stigmatization in "attitudes towards imposed measures," conducted HIV tests without consent and disclosed patient status to colleagues more frequently than nurses (p < 0.05) while nurses gave differential care to patients based on HIV status more frequently (p < 0.01) than doctors. Female and religious health care workers (HCWs) were more stigmatizing in their " attitudes of blame/judgment" than male and nonreligious HCWs (p < 0.05). Cuban HCWs were more stigmatizing in their " attitudes toward imposed measures" and were less comfortable dealing with HIV/AIDS patients than their Belizean counterparts (p < 0.01). Older age was associated with less frequent disclosure of patients' HIV status (p < 0.05). HIV/AIDS training that incorporates stigma reduction strategies tailored to the target groups identified is needed. Additionally, we recommend that the effectiveness of national HIV/AIDS policies be investigated.