Luminosity with large amplitude pulses after the initial breakdown stage in intracloud lightning flashes
Luminosity with large amplitude pulses after the initial breakdown stage in intracloud lightning flashes
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云内闪电初始击穿阶段后大振幅脉冲的光度
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105982
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Siedlecki, Raymond
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stolzenburg, Maribeth;Marshall, Thomas C.;Bandara, Sampath;Siedlecki, Raymond
光学数据的两个云内闪光，其中有五个事件具有大振幅，双极电场变化（E-变化）脉冲和强VHF发射。这些亮事件发生在初始事件后18.98-67.33 ms和初始击穿阶段结束后10-59 ms。这三个最大的事件与全球闪电定位网络检测到的先前与地面伽马射线闪光（TGFs）有关的类型相一致;这些脉冲的范围归一化E变化幅度为8.73，8.33和3.81 V/m，估计峰值电流幅度为262，250和114 kA。另外两个事件分别为3.20和1.62 V/m（96和49 kA）。所有五个事件都有明亮的亮度增强（高于背景10%），持续时间为0.7-1.20 ms，类似于它们的中到强VHF发射的持续时间。全帧峰强度是背景水平的1.82-4.46倍。在三种情况下，相机帧中的最大累积强度出现在E变化峰值之后的84-98 μs，所有情况下的范围从−10 μs（之前）到+115 μs（之后）。值得注意的是，在所有五个事件中，当E变化和VHF传感器开始检测到振荡时，亮度开始增加，在E变化峰值之前135-550 μs。每个事件的脉冲位置延伸通过3.6至4.3公里的深度，开始低于和结束以上的闪电启动的高度，和这些事件的活动的线性路径长度估计为8.9-11.3公里的雷达反射率为20-40 dBZ。虽然这些事件不是最初的击穿脉冲，但它们的光度可以从卫星上的仪器上看到，它们可能与TGF有关。
Optical data are presented for two intracloud flashes in which there were five events having large amplitude, bipolar electric field change (E-change) pulses and strong VHF emissions. These bright events occurred 18.98–67.33 ms after the initiating event and 10–59 ms after the end of the initial breakdown stage. The three largest events were coincident with WorldWide Lightning Location Network detections of the sort previously associated with terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs); these pulses had range-normalizedE-change amplitudes of 8.73, 8.33, and 3.81 V/m and estimated peak current magnitudes of 262, 250, and 114 kA. The other two events were 3.20 and 1.62 V/m (96 and 49 kA). All five events have bright enhanced luminosity (>10% above background) for durations of 0.7–1.20 ms, similar to durations of their moderate-to-strong VHF emissions. Full-frame peak intensities are factors of 1.82–4.46 times the background level. Maximum cumulative intensity in the camera frame occurs 84–98 μs after theE-change peak in three cases and ranges from −10 μs (before) to +115 μs (after) for all cases. Notably, in all five events the luminosity starts increasing when theE-change and VHF sensors begin detecting oscillations, 135–550 μs before the E-change peak. Pulse locations of each event extend through 3.6 to 4.3 km depth, starting below and ending above the altitude of flash initiation, and the linear path-length of activity with these events is estimated at 8.9–11.3 km within radar reflectivities of 20–40 dBZ. Although these events are not initial breakdown pulses, their luminosity could be visible from satellite-borne instruments and they may be associated with TGFs.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
S. Cummer;F. Lyu;M. Briggs;G. Fitzpatrick;O. Roberts;J. Dwyer
通讯作者：
S. Cummer;F. Lyu;M. Briggs;G. Fitzpatrick;O. Roberts;J. Dwyer
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DOI：
10.1029/2020jd033921
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Østgaard, N.;Cummer, S. A.;Mezentsev, A.;Luque, A.;Dwyer, J.;Neubert, T.;Reglero, V.;Marisaldi, M.;Kochkin, P.;Sarria, D.
通讯作者：
Sarria, D.
DOI：
10.1029/2020jd032603
发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
J. Tilles;P. Krehbiel;M. Stanley;W. Rison;Ningyu Liu;F. Lyu;S. Cummer;J. Dwyer;S. Senay;H. Edens;Xiangpeng Fan;Robert G. Brown;Jennifer G. Wilson
来自地面伽马射线闪光中电子束的无线电信号
DOI：
10.1029/2012ja018288
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
影响因子：
--
作者：
V. Connaughton;M. Briggs;S. Xiong;J. Dwyer;M. Hutchins;J. Grove;A. Chekhtman;D. Tierney;G. Fitzpatrick;S. Foley;S. McBreen;P. N. Bhat;V. Chaplin;E. Cramer;G. Fishman;R. Holzworth;M. Gibby;A. Kienlin;C. Meegan;W. Paciesas;R. Preece;C. Wilson
通讯作者：
C. Wilson
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
S. Bandara;T. Marshall;S. Karunarathne;M. Stolzenburg
通讯作者：
S. Bandara;T. Marshall;S. Karunarathne;M. Stolzenburg