Pathological gamblers demonstrate frontal lobe impairment consistent with that of methamphetamine-dependent individuals.
Pathological gamblers demonstrate frontal lobe impairment consistent with that of methamphetamine-dependent individuals.
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病理性赌徒表现出与甲基苯丙胺依赖者一致的额叶损伤。
DOI：
10.1176/jnp.2007.19.3.298
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Newton,ThomasF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kalechstein,AriD;Fong,Timothy;Rosenthal,RichardJ;Davis,Alice;Vanyo,Heidi;Newton,ThomasF
卡莱赫斯坦等人。特征：全神贯注、容忍、退缩、不顾负面后果而继续行为。 10 相比之下，物质使用障碍（例如甲基苯丙胺依赖和病态赌博）之间的一个重要区别是，尽管缺乏外源性摄入物质，病态赌徒仍存在损伤。因此，病理性赌博是理解与行为成瘾相关的神经生物学改变的有用模型。迄今为止，两项研究已经通过临床医生通常用于评估额叶功能的措施来检验病理性赌博与损伤之间的关联。 11, 12 这些研究的结果是暂时的，基于方法学的局限性。例如，尽管 Rugle 和 Melamed12 发现病态赌徒在执行功能的不定时测量（例如威斯康星卡片分类测试）方面比对照对象表现更差，但他们没有包括一系列执行功能的定时测量。这种区别对于区分信息处理速度是否会影响执行功能的表现很重要。此外，Regard 等人。 11 报告称，病态赌徒在一系列额叶测量中的表现比对照对象差；然而，他们并没有对可能影响赌徒测试表现的干预变量进行统计控制，例如阅读障碍、发育迟缓和创伤性脑损伤史。
KALECHSTEIN et al. features: preoccupation, tolerance, withdrawal, and continued behavior despite negative consequences. 10 In contrast, an important distinction between substance use disorders, such as methamphetamine dependence and pathological gambling, is that impairments are present in pathological gamblers despite the lack of exogenously ingested substances. Thus, pathological gambling serves as a useful model for understanding the neurobiological alterations associated with behavioral addictions.To date, two studies have examined the association between pathological gambling and impairment with measures that are typically used by clinicians to assess frontal lobe functioning. 11, 12 The findings of these studies are tentative, based on methodological limitations. For instance, although Rugle and Melamed12 found that pathological gamblers performed worse than comparison subjects on untimed measures of executive function (eg, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test), they did not include a range of timed measures of executive function. This distinction is important with respect to differentiating whether speed of information processing mediates performance on measures of executive functioning. Moreover, Regard et al. 11 reported that pathological gamblers performed worse than comparison subjects on a range of frontal lobe measures; however, they did not statistically control for intervening variables that conceivably affected the gamblers’ test performance, such as dyslexia, developmental delays, and history of traumatic brain injury.