Early Holocene cultivation before domestication in northern Syria
Early Holocene cultivation before domestication in northern Syria
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DOI：
10.1007/s00334-007-0121-y
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Herveux, Linda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Willcox, George;Fornite, Sandra;Herveux, Linda
位于叙利亚北方的Tell Qaramel、Jerf el Ahmar、Dja'de和Tell 'Abr遗址的烧焦的植物遗骸可追溯到公元前1000年和公元前9000年，表明各种野生豆类、谷物、水果和坚果被开采。有5条证据表明，在其中3个地点进行了种植。(1)野生一粒小麦、野生黑麦和小扁豆生长在它们的自然栖息地之外。(2)奠基作物大麦、二粒小麦和单粒小麦出现的时间不同。(3)发现了一批栽培杂草。(4)采集的植物逐渐减少，如小种子草和蓼/酸模。(5)大麦籽粒的宽度和厚度增加。形态驯化没有建立，也许是因为种子股票定期收集野生林分。烧焦的啮齿动物droppinis表明大规模的粮食储存。
Charred plant remains from the sites of Tell Qaramel, Jerf el Ahmar, Dja'de and Tell 'Abr situated in northern Syria and dated to the tenth and ninth millennia cal B.C. demonstrate that a wide variety of wild pulses, cereals, fruits and nuts was exploited. Five lines of evidence suggest that cultivation was practised at three of the sites. (1) Wild einkorn, wild rye and lentils occur outside their natural habitats. (2) The founder crops barley, emmer and single-grained einkorn appear at different times. (3) An assemblage of weeds of cultivation was identified. (4) There is a gradual decrease in gathered plants such as small seeded grasses and Polygonum/Rumex. (5) Barley grains increase in breadth and thickness. Morphological domestication did not become established, perhaps because seed stock was regularly collected from wild stands. Charred rodent droppinis indicate large-scale grain storage.