Color and luminance contrasts attract independent attention
Color and luminance contrasts attract independent attention
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DOI：
10.1016/s0960-9822(02)00921-1
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发表时间：
2002-07-09
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Spinelli, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morrone, MC;Denti, V;Spinelli, D
注意力可以在很多方面改善视觉，包括一些非常基本的功能，如对比度辨别[1，2]，这可能反映了视觉处理的早期水平。对人类的电生理[3，4]、心理物理[1，5]和成像[6-9]研究以及对猴子的单次记录[10-13]表明，注意力可以在视觉处理的早期阶段调节神经元反应，可能是通过作用于反应增益。在这里，我们测量亮度和颜色刺激的增量对比度阈值，以获得早期神经机制的对比度反应[14-16]及其通过注意力的调制。我们发现，在这两种情况下，注意力提高对比度的歧视，可能是通过成倍增加的神经元反应的对比度的增益。然而，注意力的影响是高度具体的视觉模态：同时注意到一个竞争的亮度，但不是彩色图案，大大阻碍了亮度对比度的歧视;和参加一个竞争的彩色，但不是亮度，任务阻碍了颜色对比度的歧视。因此，注意的影响是高度特定的，这意味着在视觉加工的早期阶段，不同的基本视觉属性的注意资源是分开的。
Paying attention can improve vision in many ways, including some very basic functions such as contrast discrimination [1, 2], a task that probably reflects very early levels of visual processing. Electrophysiological [3, 4], psychophysical [1, 5], and imaging [6-9] studies on humans as well as single recordings in monkey [10-13] show that attention can modulate the neuronal response at an early stage of visual processing, probably by acting on the response gain. Here, we measure incremental contrast thresholds for luminance and color stimuli to derive the contrast response of early neural mechanisms [14-16] and their modulation by attention. We show that, for both cases, attention improves contrast discrimination, probably by multiplicatively increasing the gain of the neuronal response to contrast. However, the effects of attention are highly specific to the visual modality: concurrent attention to a competing luminance, but not chromatic pattern, greatly impedes luminance contrast discrimination; and attending to a competing chromatic, but not luminance, task impedes color contrast discrimination. Thus, the effects of attention are highly modality specific, implying separate attentional resources for different fundamental visual attributes at early stages of visual processing.