Adults’ Responses to Children’s Crying after a Moral Transgression
Adults’ Responses to Children’s Crying after a Moral Transgression
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成人对孩子道德失范后哭泣的反应
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Raquel Oliveira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Patrícia Arriaga;Carla Murteira;Raquel Oliveira
摘要本研究通过考察儿童的性别、情感和哭泣行为对成人的宽恕、信任和惩戒行为的影响，研究了成人对儿童道德犯罪的反应。一项实验性调查操纵了孩子们的性别、哭泣和他们的情绪表达（恐惧、悲伤、羞耻和哭泣）。参与者（N = 847）报告了他们的感受、他们原谅孩子的意愿（立即和事件发生后一周）、信任孩子的意愿、估计的再犯情况以及惩戒行为的使用情况。结果显示，在事件发生一周后，哭泣条件下的参与者报告的信任和原谅孩子的意愿水平显著高于无哭泣条件下的参与者，并且对孩子未来犯下类似行为的估计较低（ps < 0.05）。与男性相比，女性期望更高的宽恕意愿（ps < 0.05），更多的诱导行为，更少的过度反应和对孩子的温暖去除（ps < 0.001）。总的来说，研究结果表明，哭泣在儿童与成人关系中的功能价值，以及在儿童犯道德错误的情况下，儿童和成人性别的重要性。
Abstract This study investigated how adults respond to a moral transgression committed by a child offender, by examining the role of the child’s sex, emotions, and crying behavior when caught committing a moral transgression on adults’ forgiveness, trust, and disciplinary behaviors. An experimental survey manipulated the children’s sex, crying, and their emotional expressions (fear, sadness, shame, and crying). Participants (N = 847) reported how they would feel, their willingness to forgive (immediately and a week after the event) and to trust the child, estimated recidivism, and the use of disciplinary behaviors. Results showed that participants in the crying conditions reported significantly higher levels of intention to trust and forgive the child a week after the event, and a lower estimation of the child committing a similar act in the future than participants in the non-crying conditions (ps < .05). Compared to men, women anticipated higher intentions to forgive (ps < .05), and more inductive behaviors, less overreactivity and warmth removal towards the child (ps < .001). Overall, the results suggest the functional value of crying in children-adults relations and the importance of the gender of both child and adults in a context of a moral transgression committed by a child.