Perspectives for genetic engineering for the phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated environments: from imagination to reality?
Perspectives for genetic engineering for the phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated environments: from imagination to reality?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.copbio.2009.02.011
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发表时间：
2009-04
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Rosen BP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhu YG;Rosen BP
用植物修复方法净化受砷污染的环境被广泛认为是环境友好和经济有效的，基因工程被认为可以提高植物修复的效率和通用性。成功的基因工程需要彻底了解天然植物耐砷和积累砷的机制。主要机制包括砷的减少，砷在根或地上部液泡中的固存，砷向木质部的负载，以及通过叶片的挥发。主要进展包括鉴定砷(As)在超积累植物凤尾草(Pteris Vittata)中从根到地的运输，以及超积累和非积累相关关键基因的特征。在本文中，我们提出了三条基因工程途径：根中砷的固定、地上组织中砷的超积累和植物挥发。
Phytoremediation to clean up arsenic-contaminated environments has been widely hailed as environmentally friendly and cost effective, and genetic engineering is believed to improve the efficiency and versatility of phytoremediation. Successful genetic engineering requires the thorough understanding of the mechanisms involved in arsenic tolerance and accumulation by natural plant species. Key mechanisms include arsenate reduction, arsenic sequestration in vacuoles of root or shoot, arsenic loading to the xylem, and volatilization through the leaves. Key advances include the identification of arsenic (As) translocation from root to shoot in the As hyperaccumulator, Pteris vittata, and the characterization of related key genes from hyperaccumulator and nonaccumulators. In this paper we have proposed three pathways for genetic engineering: arsenic sequestration in the root, hyperaccumulation of arsenic in aboveground tissues, and phytovolatilization.