Dermal and pulmonary absorption of propan-1-ol and propan-2-ol from hand rubs
Dermal and pulmonary absorption of propan-1-ol and propan-2-ol from hand rubs
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ajic.2011.03.009
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Kramer, Axel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Below, Harald;Partecke, Ivo;Kramer, Axel
背景：已经表明，在使用基于乙醇的手擦进行手部卫生后，无毒浓度的乙醇被吸收。这项研究调查是否从市售的手rubs结果在可测量的concentrationafter use.Methods：丙醇的肺部和皮肤的吸收，在手部摩擦进行了研究。Rubs含有70%（w/w）丙-1-醇、63.14%（w/w）丙-2-醇或45%（w/w）丙-2-醇与30%（w/w）丙-1-醇的组合。在卫生擦手后，1-丙醇和2-丙醇的峰值中位血液浓度分别为9.15 mg/L和5.3 mg/L，分别为18.0 mg/L和10.0 mg/L，在外科手术手部摩擦之后。在实际手术条件下，1-丙醇和2-丙醇的最高中位血液水平分别为4.08 mg/L和2.56 mg/L。通过使用气密性面罩进行预防肺部暴露的相同程序导致峰值中值血液水平为1.16 mg/L的丙-1-醇和1.74 mg/L的丙-2-ol.Conclusion：只有极少量的丙醇通过使用手擦被吸收。根据我们的实验数据，手部摩擦引起的慢性全身毒性作用的风险可能可以忽略不计。然而，我们的研究没有评估长期每天和频繁使用卫生擦手的后果。版权所有（C）2012由感染控制和流行病学专业人员协会，Inc.爱思唯尔公司出版All rights reserved.
Background: It has been shown that nontoxic concentrations of ethanol are absorbed after hand hygiene using ethanol-based hand rubs. This study investigated whether absorption of propan-1-ol and propan2- ol from commercially available hand rubs results in measurable concentrations after use.Methods: The pulmonary and dermal absorption of propanol during hand rubs was investigated. Rubs contained 70% (w/w) propan-1-ol, 63.14% (w/w) propan-2-ol, or 45% (w/w) propan-2-ol in combination with 30% (w/w) propan-1-ol.Results: Peak median blood levels were 9.15 mg/L for propan-1-ol and 5.3 mg/L for propan-2-ol after hygienic hand rubs and 18.0 mg/L and 10.0 mg/L, respectively, after surgical hand rubs. Under actual surgical conditions, the highest median blood levels were 4.08 mg/L for propan-1-ol and 2.56 mg/L for propan-2-ol. The same procedure performed with prevention of pulmonary exposure through the use of a gas-tight mask resulted in peak median blood levels of 1.16 mg/L of propan-1-ol and 1.74 mg/L of propan-2-ol.Conclusion: Only minimal amounts of propanols are absorbed through the use of hand rubs. Based on our experimental data, the risk of chronic systemic toxic effects caused by hand rubs is likely negligible. However, our study did not evaluate the consequences of long-term daily and frequent use of hygienic hand rubs. Copyright (C) 2012 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.