A History of Islamic Law
A History of Islamic Law
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伊斯兰法史
DOI：
10.2307/1863207
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Coulson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Coulson
埃德蒙·伯克认为，律师是糟糕的历史学家。他指的是19世纪早期的英国法学家不愿意，而不是不具备关注过去的能力：因为当代法律学是一门纯粹的、孤立的科学，其中法律表现为一套规则，以客观标准为基础，其性质和存在本身不受时间和地点的考虑。尽管受到西方法学历史学派的影响，伯克的观察对中东研究总体上是有效的。传统形式的穆斯林法学是法学脱离历史考虑的一个极端例子。在经典的伊斯兰理论中，法律是真主启示的意志，是一种神圣命定的制度，先于而不是先于穆斯林国家，而不是先于穆斯林社会，而不是被穆斯林社会所控制。因此，法律本身作为一种与社会进步密切相关的历史现象而演变的相对论概念是不存在的。越来越多的国家以穆斯林为主或由穆斯林担任国家元首，这凸显了伊斯兰世界日益增长的政治重要性，因此，也凸显了扩大和扩大对其文化和信仰体系的理解和欣赏的必要性。由于历史对穆斯林来说很重要，632年或656年发生的事情仍然是一个活生生的问题，对当前情况的熟悉是不够的；还必须意识到过去是如何塑造现在的。这本书的目的是给读者一个清晰的认识。但是，在存在差距、模糊和意见分歧的地方，也会指出这些。
Lawyers, according to Edmund Burke, are bad historians. He was referring to an unwillingness, rather than an inaptitude, on the part of early nineteenth-century English lawyers to concern themselves with the past: for contemporary jurisprudence was a pure and isolated science wherein law appeared as a body of rules, based upon objective criteria, whose nature and very existence were independent of considerations of time and place. Despite the influence of the historical school of Western jurisprudence, Burke's observation is generally valid for Middle East studies. Muslim jurisprudence in its traditional form provides an extreme example of a legal science divorced from historical considerations. Law, in classical Islamic theory, is the revealed will of God, a divinely ordained system preceding, and not preceded by, the Muslim state controlling, but not controlled by, Muslim society. There can thus be no relativistic notion of the law itself evolving as an historical phenomenon closely tied with the progress of society. The increasing number of nations that are largely Muslim or have a Muslim head of state, emphasizes the growing political importance of the Islamic world, and, as a result, the desirability of extending and expanding the understanding and appreciation of their culture and belief systems. Since history counts for much among Muslims and what happened in 632 or 656 is still a live issue, a journalistic familiarity with present conditions is not enough; there must also be some awareness of how the past has molded the present. This book is designed to give the reader a clear picture. But where there are gaps, obscurities, and differences of opinion, these are also indicated.