Human interactions with the Earth system: people and pixels revisited
Human interactions with the Earth system: people and pixels revisited
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人类与地球系统的相互作用：重新审视人和像素
DOI：
10.1002/esp.1715
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Rosa Cuesta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Liverman;Rosa Cuesta
人类对土地的利用是人类与地球系统之间的关键联系之一，土地利用的变化导致水文、生态、地貌、气候和生物地球化学循环的重大改变。在过去的十年中，已经开展了几项重大研究工作（例如IGBP-IHDP LUCC、ESSP），通过土地利用和土地覆盖变化的研究将社会科学和自然科学联系起来，特别关注将遥感与社会经济数据联系起来的潜力、当地案例研究与更大规模的建模工作以及科学研究与利益相关者的需求联系起来。本文评估了此类土地利用变化研究可以在多大程度上提供未来土地利用的可靠数据、解释和预测。它评估了此类研究如何解决社会和自然科学中的主要理论问题，例如有关人口或机构在土地利用动态中的作用，或危害对物理或社会过程的详细归因的问题。总的来说，并以墨西哥进行的研究为例，本文得出的结论是，进展有限，原因包括收集全球和区域尺度的社会经济信息、将社会数据与卫星图像联系起来以及预测人类活动和政策等方面的困难。为了使社会科学和地球科学之间的互动取得成功，需要一定程度的宽容和相互理解，以便社会科学家了解地球科学对定量社会经济情景和预测的渴望，地球科学家了解社会科学家解释人类行为和制度的差异，并接受预测人类活动和决策的明确限制。版权所有 © 2008 约翰·威利父子有限公司
The human use of the land is one of the critical links between people and the Earth system, with changes in land use contributing to the significant modification of hydrology, ecology, geomorphology, climate and biogeochemical cycles. Over the past decade there have been several major research efforts (e.g. IGBP‐IHDP LUCC, ESSP) to link the social and natural sciences through the study of land‐use and land‐cover change, with particular attention being paid to the potential of linking remote sensing with socioeconomic data, local case studies with larger scale modelling efforts, and scientific research with the needs of stakeholders. This paper evaluates the extent to which such land‐use‐change studies can provide reliable data, explanation and projections of future land use. It assesses how such studies might address major theoretical questions in social and natural science such as those concerning the role of population or of institutions in land‐use dynamics, or the detailed attribution of hazards to physical or social processes. In general, and using examples of research conducted in Mexico, the paper concludes that progress has been limited, because of factors that include the difficulties in gathering socio‐economic information at global and regional scales, linking social data to satellite imagery, and forecasting human activities and policies. For interactions between the social and earth sciences to succeed, a certain level of tolerance and mutual understanding will be needed so that social scientists understand the earth science aspiration for quantitative socio‐economic scenarios and predictions, and earth scientists understand the variations in how social scientists explain human behaviour and institutions and accept the clear limits to predicting human activities and decisions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.