Development of an Underground Through-Soil Wireless Acoustic Communication System
Development of an Underground Through-Soil Wireless Acoustic Communication System
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DOI：
10.1109/mwc.2019.1900030
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发表时间：
2020-02
影响因子：
12.9
通讯作者：
Sijung Yang;Omar Baltaji;A. Singer;Y. Hashash
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sijung Yang;Omar Baltaji;A. Singer;Y. Hashash
WUSN的实际开发将使许多应用受益，包括在线基础设施监测，地震预警系统和农业自动化。然而，现有技术的RF电磁无线系统对于通过土壤进行通信是无效的，这是由于土壤中的吸收和散射造成的极端信号路径损耗，即使这种应用的典型数据要求是适度的，范围从几十到几百bps。相比之下，大象、啮齿动物和各种各样的昆虫使用声波通过土壤进行通信，这表明土壤作为通信信道和声波作为载体的可行性。在这篇文章中，我们演示了如何土壤可以被用作通信介质的无线声学数字通信的距离高达50米，20 bps的数据速率。通过利用从土壤信道的识别特征导出的土壤信道的物理模型，然后采用QPSK和OOK调制以及稀疏判决反馈均衡方案，并利用良好耦合和匹配的声源，无线数字通信在实验室和现场实验中都是成功的，说明了发送特定应用数据的可行性，范围从二进制传感器读数到低分辨率图像。
The practical development of WUSN would benefit numerous applications, including online infrastructure monitoring, earthquake warning systems, and agricultural automation. However, stateof- the-art RF electromagnetic wireless systems are ineffective for communicating through-soil, due to extreme signal path losses from absorption and scattering in soil, even though the typical data requirements for such applications are modest, ranging from tens to hundreds of bps. In contrast, elephants, rodents and a wide variety of insects use acoustic waves for communicating through-soil, suggesting the viability of soil as a communication channel, and of acoustic waves as carriers. In this article, we demonstrate how soil can be used as a communication medium for wireless acoustic digital communication over distances up to 50 m at 20 bps data rates. By leveraging a physical model of the soil channel derived from its identified characteristics, then employing QPSK and OOK modulation and sparse decision feedback equalization schemes, and exploiting well-coupled and matched acoustic sources, wireless digital communication was successful in both laboratory and field experiments, illustrating the viability of sending application- specific data, ranging from binary sensor readings to low-resolution images.