Efficacy of an oral health promotion intervention in the prevention of early childhood caries
Efficacy of an oral health promotion intervention in the prevention of early childhood caries
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0528.2007.00414.x
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Spencer, A. John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Plutzer, Kamila;Spencer, A. John
目的：尽管澳大利亚儿童的口腔健康在过去30年中有了显著的改善，但严重的幼儿龋齿（S-ECC）影响了高达17%的2至3岁儿童，其中一些儿童需要住院治疗和侵入性治疗。这为制定和试验旨在减少这种不必要痛苦的口腔健康促进规划提供了令人信服的理由。本研究的目的是通过一项随机对照试验，测试从怀孕期间开始的婴儿父母口腔健康促进计划的有效性。方法：围绕向阿德莱德未生育妇女（期待第一个孩子的妇女）提供预期指导制定了一个方案。试验组的母亲在怀孕期间以及孩子6个月和12个月大时接受了口腔健康促进信息。在第二轮信息之后，实验组的母亲再次被随机分配。通过电话咨询，这些信息在一个测试分组中得到了加强。对照组在入组后没有与母亲接触。在20 +/- 2.5个月大时，所有实验组和对照组儿童都由牙医检查。S-ECC发病率的病例定义是一颗或多颗上门牙在空化或非空化病变水平上龋齿。分析试验组与对照组及试验亚组间S-ECC发生率的差异。结果：在649名参与该项目的妇女中（实验组327名，对照组322名），441名妇女在随访中对她们的孩子进行了检查。试验组S-ECC发生率为1.7%，对照组为9.6% （P < 0.001）。结论：在母亲怀孕期间发起的基于反复轮次预期指导的口腔健康促进计划成功地降低了这些非常年幼的儿童S-ECC的发病率。
Objective: Despite a marked improvement in oral health of Australian children over the last 30 years, severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) affects up to 17% of 2- to 3-year-old children with some requiring hospitalization and invasive treatment. This provided a compelling rationale to develop and test an oral health promotion programme which aimed to reduce this unnecessary suffering. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of an oral health promotion programme for the parents of infants, starting during the pregnancy, using a randomized controlled trial. Methods: A programme was developed around the provision of anticipatory guidance to nulliparous women (women expecting their first child) in Adelaide. Mothers in the test group received oral health promotion information during pregnancy, and later when the child reached 6 and 12 months of age. After the second round of information the test group mothers were randomized again. The information was reinforced in one of the test subgroups through a telephone consultation. There was no contact with mothers in the control group after enrolment. At the age of 20 +/- 2.5 months all test and control group children were examined by a dentist. The case definition of an incidence of S-ECC was one or more upper incisor teeth being carious at the level of a cavitated or noncavitated lesion. The differences in S-ECC incidence between the test and control groups, and the test subgroups were analysed. Results: Of 649 women enroled in the programme (test group 327, control group 322), 441 had their child examined at follow-up. The incidence of S-ECC in the test group was 1.7% and in the control group 9.6% (P < 0.001). Conclusion: An oral health promotion programme based on repeated rounds of anticipatory guidance initiated during the mother's pregnancy was successful in reducing the incidence of S-ECC in these very young children.