Assessing mammal species richness and occupancy in a Northeast Asian temperate forest shared by cattle
Assessing mammal species richness and occupancy in a Northeast Asian temperate forest shared by cattle
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评估牛共享的东北亚温带森林中哺乳动物物种的丰富度和占有率
DOI：
10.1111/ddi.13237
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发表时间：
2021-01-31
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Wang, Tianming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feng, Jiawei;Sun, Yifei;Wang, Tianming
目标 由于人类活动的广泛强化，亚洲森林正变得日益退化和支离破碎；这些活动威胁着野生动物和生态系统的可持续性。面对动物区系丧失危机，管理者需要更多有关物种组合的信息来指导保护工作。我们测试了自然和人为因素对东北亚温带森林哺乳动物物种丰富度和占有率的相对影响。地点中国东北地区。方法使用相机捕捉数据和多物种占有模型来估计工作景观中陆地哺乳动物群落的物种丰富度，并评估群落、群体和物种对自然和人为特征的响应，同时考虑到不完善的检测。根据体型、饮食和活动模式对物种进行分组。结果 我们在中俄边境部署了 138 个摄像机，在 22,976 个陷阱日里拍摄了 21 种哺乳动物。自然和人为相关因素在预测不同动物存在方面的重要性各不相同。研究发现，植被覆盖率和牛群分别对群落层面哺乳动物的占有率具有显着的积极和消极影响。对于大型或日间物种来说，与植被覆盖的正相关关系最为明显；对于昼间和野生有蹄类动物来说，与牛的负相关关系最为明显。大量物种的占据也与人类住区呈负相关。每个站点的预测丰富度从 5 到 14 个独特物种不等，物种的平均占据概率为 0.45（95% 可信区间 = 0.09-0.86）。牲畜放牧区和靠近人类住区的物种丰富度通常最低。人类影响比植被和环境变量的影响更重要。主要结论我们的结果强调，牲畜放牧是对物种占有率和丰富度产生负面影响的主要人类干扰。多物种占用模型有助于确定生物多样性下降的驱动因素，并将为东北亚森林人类主导景观的保护战略提供信息。我们建议景观保护规划力求最大限度地保护森林和生态系统服务，例如生物多样性和碳储存。
Aim Asian forests are becoming increasingly degraded and fragmented by the extensive intensification of anthropogenic activities; these activities threaten wildlife and ecosystem sustainability. Facing a defaunation crisis, managers need more information on species assemblages to guide conservation efforts. We tested the relative influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on mammalian species richness and occupancy in temperate forests in Northeast Asia.Location Northeast China.Methods Camera-trapping data and multispecies occupancy models were used to estimate the species richness of a terrestrial mammal community in a working landscape and assess community-, group-, and species-specific responses to natural and anthropogenic features while accounting for imperfect detection. Species were grouped based on body size, diet and activity pattern.Results We deployed 138 cameras and photographed 21 mammalian species over 22,976 trap days across the China-Russia border. Both natural and anthropogenic correlates varied in their importance in predicting the presence of different animals. Vegetation cover and cattle were found to have significantly positive and negative influences on community-level mammalian occupancy, respectively. The positive relationship with vegetation cover was most evident for large or diurnal species; the negative relationship with cattle was most evident for diurnal and wild ungulate species. Large species occupancy was also negatively associated with human settlements. The predicted richness across each station varied from 5 to 14 unique species, and species had a mean occupancy probability of 0.45 (95% credible interval = 0.09-0.86). Species richness was generally the lowest in livestock grazing areas and close to human settlements. Human influence is more important than the influences of vegetation and environmental variables.Main conclusions Our results highlight that livestock grazing was the primary human disturbance that had a negative impact on species occupancy and richness. Multispecies occupancy models helped to identify drivers of biodiversity declines and will inform conservation strategies in human-dominated landscapes in Northeast Asian forests. We suggest that landscape conservation planning seeks to maximize forest protection and ecosystem services such as biodiversity and carbon storage.