MADS box genes control vernalization-induced flowering in cereals
MADS box genes control vernalization-induced flowering in cereals
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1635053100
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发表时间：
2003-10-28
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Dennis, ES
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Trevaskis, B;Bagnall, DJ;Dennis, ES
通过比较近等基因系小麦（Triticum aestivum）冬、春系小麦MAIDS盒转录因子基因的表达水平，我们确定WAP 1为Vrn-1基因的可能候选基因，Vrn-1基因是控制小麦春化开花反应的主要基因座。WAP 1在春小麦中强表达，在半春小麦中中等表达，但在未暴露于春化处理的冬小麦植株中不表达。春化促进冬小麦开花并强烈诱导WAP 1的表达。WAP 1位于小麦的第5号染色体上，通过与其他谷物基因组的共线性，可能与Vrn-1共位。在六倍体面包小麦栽培品种中的这些结果扩展了Yan等人[Yan，L.，Loukoianov，A.，Tranquilli，G.，Helguera，M.，Fahima，T. & Dubcovsky，J.（2003）Proc.Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100，6263-6268]在二倍体小麦祖先一粒小麦中，WAP 1（TmAP 1）对应于Vrn-1基因。WAP 1的大麦同源物BM 5显示出与WAP 1和TmAP 1相似的表达模式。BM 5在未春化的冬大麦中不表达，但与WAP 1一样，BM 5的表达被春化处理强烈诱导。在春大麦中，BM 5的表达水平由Vrn-H1基因座和第二个春季习性基因座Vrn-H2之间的相互作用决定。现在有证据表明，AP 1样基因决定了一系列谷物和草物种的开花时间。
By comparing expression levels of MAIDS box transcription factor genes between near-isogenic winter and spring lines of bread wheat, Triticum aestivum, we have identified WAP1 as the probable candidate for the Vrn-1 gene, the major locus controlling the vernalization flowering response in wheat. WAP1 is strongly expressed in spring wheats and moderately expressed in semispring wheats, but is not expressed in winter wheat plants that have not been exposed to vernalization treatment. Vernalization promotes flowering in winter wheats and strongly induces expression of WAP1. WAP1 is located on chromosome 5 in wheat and, by synteny with other cereal genomes, is likely to be collocated with Vrn-1. These results in hexaploid bread wheat cultivars extend the conclusion made by Yan et A [Yan, L., Loukoianov, A., Tranquilli, G., Helguera, M., Fahima, T. & Dubcovsky, J. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 6263-6268] in the diploid wheat progenitor Triticum monococcum that WAP1 (TmAP1) corresponds to the Vrn-1 gene. The barley homologue of WAP1, BM5, shows a similar pattern of expression to WAP1 and TmAP1. BM5 is not expressed in winter barleys that have not been vernalized, but as with WAP1, expression of BM5 is strongly induced by vernalization treatment. in spring barleys, the level of BM5 expression is determined by interactions between the Vrn-H1 locus and a second locus for spring habit, Vrn-H2. There is now evidence that AP1-like genes determine the time of flowering in a range of cereal and grass species.