The Characters of Dry Soil Layer on the Loess Plateau in China and Their Influencing Factors.
The Characters of Dry Soil Layer on the Loess Plateau in China and Their Influencing Factors.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0134902
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Shangguan Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yan W;Deng L;Zhong Y;Shangguan Z
干旱土层是一种常见的土壤干化现象，由于气候因素和土地管理不善，一般在土壤剖面的特定深度形成，这种现象会影响水分循环，在中国等黄土高原和世界上其他类似地区也观察到了这种现象。因此，研究黄土高原DSL的形成深度(DSLFD)、厚度(DSLT)和平均含水率(MWDSL)可以提供有价值的信息。本文综合了该地区近几年来的69篇文献(73个测点的1149个DSL观测资料)，结果表明，DSL受气候和植被因子的影响较大。年平均降水量与日降水量呈显著正相关(p=0.0003)，与月降水量呈显著正相关(p<；0.0001)，与年平均降水量呈显著负相关(p=0.0071)。与其他植被类型相比，农作物的DSLT最低，MWDSL值最高。种草、灌木、乔木、果园的旱地发生程度与播种年限呈显著正相关，且随播种年限的增加和小麦产量的增加，旱地旱灾的严重程度加重。我们的结果表明，优化土地利用管理可以减缓黄土高原DSL的形成和发展。了解影响可持续发展的主要因素将为指导经济可持续发展和恢复缺水的自然环境提供信息。
A dry soil layer (DSL) is a common soil desiccation phenomenon that generally forms at a particular depth in the soil profile because of climatic factors and poor land management, and this phenomenon can influence the water cycle and has been observed on the Loess Plateau of China and other similar regions around the world. Therefore, an investigation of the DSL formation depth (DSLFD), thickness (DSLT) and mean water content (MWDSL) on the Loess Plateau can provide valuable information. This paper synthesized 69 recent publications (1,149 observations of DSLs from 73 sites) that focused on DSLs in this region, and the results indicated that DSLs are significantly affected by climatic and vegetation factors. The mean annual precipitation had a significant positive relationship with DSLFD (p = 0.0003) and MWDSL (p<0.0001) and a negative relationship with DSLT (p = 0.0071). Crops had the lowest DSLT and highest MWDSL values compared with other vegetation types. A significant correlation was observed between the occurrence of DSLs and the years since planting for grasses, shrubs, trees and orchards, and the severity of DSLs increased with increasing planting years and wheat yield. Our results suggest that optimizing land-use management can mitigate DSL formation and development on the Loess Plateau. Understanding the dominant factors affecting DSLs will provide information for use in guidelines for the sustainable development of economies and restoration of natural environments experiencing water deficiencies.