Pathophysiology of human ventilatory control.
Pathophysiology of human ventilatory control.
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DOI：
10.1183/09031936.00048514
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发表时间：
2014-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smith CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dempsey JA;Smith CA
我们回顾了最近在理解控制呼吸的基本机制方面取得的重大进展，以及这些发现对选定的人类疾病的适用性。重点放在中枢呼吸节律和模式生成的网站，以及新描述的颈动脉化学感受器的功能和中央化学感受器的整合性和外周和中枢化学感受之间的相互作用。最近的研究结果支持关键的贡献，从皮层中央命令和肌肉传入反馈运动呼吸过度。这些基本原理和证据支持在恒定和间歇低氧血症和停滞低氧期间和之后的化学感受器和呼吸控制系统可塑性：a）应用于阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的发病机制、后果和治疗;和B）应用于运动呼吸过度及其控制和对衰老、COPD和CHF的限制。
We review the substantial progress recently made in understanding the underlying mechanisms controlling breathing and the applicability of these findings to selected human diseases. Emphasis is placed on the sites of central respiratory rhythm and pattern generation as well as newly described functions of the carotid chemoreceptors and the integrative nature of the central chemoreceptors and the interaction between peripheral and central chemoreception. Recent findings supporting critical contributions from cortical central command and muscle afferent feedback to exercise hyperpnea are also reviewed. These basic principles and the evidence supporting chemoreceptor and ventilatory control system plasticity during and following constant and intermittent hypoxemia and stagnant hypoxia are applied: a) to the pathogenesis, consequences and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea; and b) to exercise hyperpnea and its control and limitations with aging, COPD and CHF.