Experimental and Numerical Assessment of the Hot Sheet Formability of Martensitic Stainless Steels
Experimental and Numerical Assessment of the Hot Sheet Formability of Martensitic Stainless Steels
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DOI：
10.3390/jmmp4040122
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
P. Birnbaum;E. Meza-García;P. Landgraf;T. Grund;T. Lampke;V. Kräusel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Birnbaum;E. Meza-García;P. Landgraf;T. Grund;T. Lampke;V. Kräusel
由马氏体不锈钢（MSS）制成的热成型板材部件可实现超高强度和极高的耐腐蚀性。这使得能够制造具有更长寿命的复杂轻质片材部件。然而，MSS片材的热成形性还没有被准确地评估，考虑到高温和复杂的应力和应变状态。在这项工作中，三个MSS合金在热变形工艺条件下的热板成形性进行了研究。首先，通过单轴拉伸试验确定该片材的机械性能。在考虑热物理计算材料模型的情况下，使用软件JMatPro®和Simufact Forming® 15.0进行热深冲压工艺的有限元法（FEM）模拟。由此产生的应变和冷却速率在成形过程中的工件中发展的局部估计。数值结果得到了实验验证。通过热拉深工艺制造圆形杯。测量所得的最大拉伸深度和硬度。一般来说，所有三种合金在700至900 °C之间的成形温度下都具有非常好的成形性，并且硬度值增加。然而，它们对化学成分、淬火温度、停留时间和法兰间隙非常敏感。用统计方法解释了硬度与其影响因素之间的相关性。
Hot formed sheet components made of Martensitic Stainless Steels (MSS) can achieve ultra-high strengths in combination with very high corrosion resistance. This enables to manufacture complex lightweight sheet components with longer lifespan. Nevertheless, the hot formability of MSS sheets has not been accurately evaluated considering high temperatures and complex stress and strain states. In this work, the hot sheet formability of three MSS alloys under thermomechanical process conditions was investigated. Initially, mechanical properties of this sheet material were determined by uniaxial tensile test. Finite Element Method (FEM) simulation of a hot deep drawing process was performed under consideration of thermo physical calculated material models using the software JMatPro® and Simufact Forming® 15.0. The resulting strains and cooling rates developed locally in the work piece during the forming process were estimated. The numerical results were validated experimentally. Round cups were manufactured by hot deep drawing process. The resulting maximum drawing depth and hardness were measured. In general, all three alloys developed very good formability at forming temperatures between 700 and 900 °C and increased hardness values. However, they are highly susceptible to chemical composition, austenitization temperature, dwell time, and flange gap. A statistic approach is given to explain the correlation between hardness and its influencing factors.