Designing Display Pixel Layouts for Under-Panel Cameras

Designing Display Pixel Layouts for Under-Panel Cameras
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设计面板下摄像头的显示像素布局

DOI:
10.1109/tpami.2021.3075978
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
23.6
通讯作者:
Sankaranarayanan, Aswin C.
Sankaranarayanan, Aswin C.
中科院分区:
计算机科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yang, Anqi;Sankaranarayanan, Aswin C.

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面板下摄像头提供了一种有趣的方式来最大化移动终端的显示区域。面板下相机经由显示面板中的开口对场景进行成像;因此,由于显示器充当透镜上的光圈,所捕获的照片是有噪声的并且被赋予大的衍射模糊。不幸的是,目前LED显示器中常见的开口图案不利于高质量的去模糊。本文重新设计了显示器中的开口布局,以设计在噪声存在下鲁棒可逆的模糊核。我们首先提供使用傅立叶光学的基本分析,其指示模糊的性质受到显示器开口的周期性以及每个单独显示器像素处的开口的形状的严重影响。有了这个见解,我们提供了一套修改像素布局,促进模糊内核的可逆性。我们评估建议的布局与放置在手机摄像头前面的光掩模,从而模仿面板下的摄像头。一个关键的结论是,优化显示布局确实会产生显着的改进。
Under-panel cameras provide an intriguing way to maximize the display area for a mobile device. An under-panel camera images a scene via the openings in the display panel; hence, a captured photograph is noisy as well as endowed with a large diffractive blur as the display acts as an aperture on the lens. Unfortunately, the pattern of openings commonly found in current LED displays are not conducive to high-quality deblurring. This paper redesigns the layout of openings in the display to engineer a blur kernel that is robustly invertible in the presence of noise. We first provide a basic analysis using Fourier optics that indicates that the nature of the blur is critically affected by the periodicity of the display openings as well as the shape of the opening at each individual display pixel. Armed with this insight, we provide a suite of modifications to the pixel layout that promote the invertibility of the blur kernels. We evaluate the proposed layouts with photomasks placed in front of a cellphone camera, thereby emulating an under-panel camera. A key takeaway is that optimizing the display layout does indeed produce significant improvements.
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