Bacterial infections in pigs experimentally infected with Nipah virus
Bacterial infections in pigs experimentally infected with Nipah virus
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1865-1682.2008.01021.x
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Czub, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berhane, Y.;Weingartl, H. M.;Czub, M.
尼帕病毒（NiV; 1998/1999年，马来西亚爆发了一场由受感染的猪传播的致命性脑炎。我们以前的研究表明，呼吸道，淋巴和中枢神经系统是实验感染猪病毒复制的靶点。为了继续研究猪NiV的发病机制，对6头仔猪进行了口鼻接种，每头动物接种2.5 × 10（5）PFU。4头猪出现轻度临床体征，1头渗出性表皮炎和1头化脓性脑膜脑炎引起的神经学体征，并在接种后11天（dpi）处以安乐死。存活动物中达到的中和抗体滴度在16 dpi时约为1280。在2和17 dpi之间检测到NiV的鼻和口咽脱落。病毒似乎在感染后23 dpi从感染动物的组织中清除，在3头猪的颌下和支气管淋巴结以及1头动物的嗅球中检测到少量RNA。尽管存在中和抗体，但在24 dpi时从血清中分离出病毒，并且在29 dpi时仍在血清中检测到病毒RNA。我们的研究结果表明，从一些感染的猪NiV清除较慢。在五只接种NiV的动物的脑脊液中检测到细菌，分离出猪链球菌和粪肠球菌。从渗出性表皮炎动物的皮损中分离出猪葡萄球菌。沿着在所有NiV感染动物的淋巴结中观察到淋巴耗竭，以及证明NiV在体外感染猪外周血单核细胞的能力，这一发现证明需要进一步研究可能的NiV诱导的猪宿主免疫抑制。
Nipah virus (NiV; Paramyxoviridae) caused fatal encephalitis in humans during an outbreak in Malaysia in 1998/1999 after transmission from infected pigs. Our previous study demonstrated that the respiratory, lymphatic and central nervous systems are targets for virus replication in experimentally infected pigs. To continue the studies on pathogenesis of NiV in swine, six piglets were inoculated oronasally with 2.5 x 10(5) PFU per animal. Four pigs developed mild clinical signs, one exudative epidermitis, and one neurologic signs due to suppurative meningoencephalitis, and was euthanized at 11 days post-inoculation (dpi). Neutralizing antibodies reached in surviving animals titers around 1280 at 16 dpi. Nasal and oro-pharyngeal shedding of the NiV was detected between 2 and 17 dpi. Virus appeared to be cleared from the tissues of the infected animals by 23 dpi, with low amount of RNA detected in submandibular and bronchial lymph nodes of three pigs, and olfactory bulb of one animal. Despite the presence of neutralizing antibodies, virus was isolated from serum at 24 dpi, and the viral RNA was still detected in serum at 29 dpi. Our results indicate slower clearance of NiV from some of the infected pigs. Bacteria were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of five NiV inoculated animals, with isolation of Streptococcus suis and Enterococcus faecalis. Staphylococcus hyicus was isolated from the skin lesions of the animal with exudative epidermitis. Along with the observed lymphoid depletion in the lymph nodes of all NiV-infected animals, and the demonstrated ability of NiV to infect porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro, this finding warrants further investigation into a possible NiV-induced immunosuppression of the swine host.