Differentiating Psychopathy from General Antisociality Using the P3 as a Psychophysiological Correlate of Attentional Allocation
Differentiating Psychopathy from General Antisociality Using the P3 as a Psychophysiological Correlate of Attentional Allocation
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0050339
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发表时间：
2012-11-16
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
de Bruijn, Ellen R. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brazil, Inti A.;Verkes, Robbert Jan;de Bruijn, Ellen R. A.
最近的研究表明，虽然精神病和非精神病的反社会性重叠，但它们在认知障碍的程度上存在差异。具体来说，精神病与注意力的异常分配有关，这种功能传统上被认为是由P3家族的事件相关电位（ERP）索引的。以前的研究探讨精神病患者的注意力的心理生理学相关性主要集中在罕见的目标，顶叶分布的P3 b成分。相比之下，很少有人知道的额中央P3 a罕见的新事件的精神病。因此，关于精神病患者P3成分的研究结果是不确定的，而非精神病患者反社会人群的结果则更清楚，并指向反社会和P3振幅之间的反比关系。本研究通过调查精神病罪犯（N = 20），匹配的非精神病罪犯（N = 23）和健康对照（N = 16）的成分振幅，增加了现存的文献中的P3 a和P3 b在精神病。此外，还评估了每个犯罪者群体对罕见的新事件和目标事件的处理能力。罪犯组表现出普遍的振幅减少相比，健康的控制，但没有相互不同的整体P3 a/P3 b振幅。然而，与非精神病样本不同，精神病组在分配注意力到罕见的新事件和目标事件时仍然表现出正常的神经生理分化。结果突出了精神病和非精神病罪犯之间的差异，关于驱动注意力分配的神经认知过程的完整性，以及其他心理生理措施在区分精神病和一般反社会性方面的有用性。
Recent studies have shown that while psychopathy and non-psychopathic antisociality overlap, they differ in the extent to which cognitive impairments are present. Specifically, psychopathy has been related to abnormal allocation of attention, a function that is traditionally believed to be indexed by event-related potentials (ERPs) of the P3-family. Previous research examining psychophysiological correlates of attention in psychopathic individuals has mainly focused on the parietally distributed P3b component to rare targets. In contrast, very little is known about the frontocentral P3a to infrequent novel events in psychopathy. Thus, findings on the P3 components in psychopathy are inconclusive, while results in non-psychopathic antisocial populations are clearer and point toward an inverse relationship between antisociality and P3 amplitudes. The present study adds to extant literature on the P3a and P3b in psychopathy by investigating component amplitudes in psychopathic offenders (N = 20), matched non-psychopathic offenders (N = 23) and healthy controls (N = 16). Also, it was assessed how well each offender group was able to differentially process rare novel and target events. The offender groups showed general amplitude reductions compared to healthy controls, but did not differ mutually on overall P3a/P3b amplitudes. However, the psychopathic group still exhibited normal neurophysiological differentiation when allocating attention to rare novel and target events, unlike the non-psychopathic sample. The results highlight differences between psychopathic and non-psychopathic offenders regarding the integrity of the neurocognitive processes driving attentional allocation, as well as the usefulness of alternative psychophysiological measures in differentiating psychopathy from general antisociality.